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Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is an autoimmune disease characterized by anti-aquaporin 4 (AQP4) antibody-mediated astrocyte damage and subsequent demyelination. Prior attempts to treat NMOSD with interferon-beta (IFN-β), a disease-modifying therapy for multiple sclerosis, resulted in worsening of disease activity, with an unknown mechanism. Here, robust activation of the cGAS-STIN
Objectives: Within the first phase of developing classification criteria for Early-stage Symptomatic Knee Osteoarthritis, among individuals with knee osteoarthritis (OA) we explored: 1) symptoms within the first year of noticing their knee(s); 2) features that indicated OA was the cause; and 3) timing and reasons that initially prompted seeking healthcare. Design: We conducted a cross-sectional on
The extent to which different magnitudes and directions of temperature fluctuations explain long-term trends in aquatic invertebrate body size is largely unknown. Using elevational gradients and paleolimnological reconstructions, we tested the hypotheses that the size of subfossil chironomid (non-biting midges) head capsules (HCs) will covary with temperature changes, with opposite morphometric ch
Introduction: Cell-free DNA is an emerging marker of allograft injury, yet its role in the immediate phase of ischemia–reperfusion injury remains incompletely understood.Methods: In this prospective cohort of 127 kidney transplant recipients (86 deceased donors, 41 living donors), intraoperative plasma samples were collected systemically pre-implantation and from the allograft vein postreperfusion
Cardiovascular disease is the global number one causeof mortality and morbidity. The majority of cardio vascular diseases are caused by atherosclerosis, a lipid-driven, inflammatory disease of the middle- and large-sized arteries. The disease is characterized by the formation of atherosclerotic plaques throughout the arterial tree. Over the years, insights intohe pathogenesis of atherosclerosis ha
As requirements regarding energy efficiency are getting tougher, buildings in the arctic, as well as the rest of the world, need to be more energy efficient without compromising a good indoor climate. This paper presents measured moisture supply and occupancy level in a Swedish Arctic multi-family building. Measurements were done during one year with readings every 30 minutes in a building consist
Objective: There is a well-established association of oral manifestations in the non-infectious chronic diarrhoeal conditions namely, Morbus Crohn, ulcerative colitis, and coeliac disease. Such a connection may exist also for the remaining non-infectious chronic diarrhoeal conditions, that is irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and microscopic colitis (MC). Materials and methods: A systematic search wa
Over the last decades, linguistic gender-fair forms have become increasingly used by individuals and official institutions. In the French-speaking sphere, this has led to heated discussions among politicians and other stakeholders, some of which claim that these forms render texts illegible and inaccessible to the greater public. However, the processing of gender-fair forms in reading has been the
Infections are a common reason for hospitalization, and when an infection is accompanied by organ failure, the patient is considered to have sepsis. The most severely ill sepsis patients are treated in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU). Identifying sepsis at ICU admission is, however, challenging, since most ICU patients present with organ failure and there is no gold standard for infection diagnosis.
Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS) is a complex disorder mainly of orthostatic intolerance, often accompanied by a spectrum of symptoms related to autonomic nervous system dysfunction. Although the diagnostic criteria require an orthostatic challenge test, the associated symptom burden can be broad and is often missed by treating healthcare professionals, resulting in significant dia
—Methods for estimating radiological consequences in terms of radiation doses and cancer risks are needed for informed decisions on mitigation efforts after a radionuclide event. The 1986 Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant accident fallout in Sweden was used as a case study. Open-source data on annual sex-specific population data in 1-y classes by municipality (n = 290), counties (n = 21), and future p
Drawing on Markus and Nurius’s (1986) theory of possible selves and Higgins’s (1987) theory of self-discrepancies, Dörnyei (2005, 2009) developed the L2 self-guide, a construct explaining the generation of motivation for language learning. Because Dörnyei focused on convergences in the source theories, L2MSS researchers have come to regard possible selves (Markus & Nurius, 1986) and self-guide
Objective: This study aimed to describe the regional, population-based, organised prostate cancer testing (OPT) programmes that are being introduced throughout Sweden: motives, structure, target population, diagnostic algorithm, quality control, outcomes, research, and future perspectives. Results: In 2018, the Swedish National Board of Health and Welfare renewed their recommendation against scree
Background: Nocturnal gastro-oesophageal reflux (nGER) is common in people with respiratory diseases, but its association with pulmonary abnormalities is not known. Aim: Investigate the association between nGER and pulmonary abnormalities on chest CT in an adult general population. Methods: In total, 28 846 individuals from the general population aged 50-64 years completed questionnaires and under
The central complex is a conserved brain region at the core of insect navigation, integrating sensory information to guide behavior across species spanning over 400 million years of evolution. While connectomes of the fruit fly have provided unprecedented detail about its circuitry, understanding how this neural architecture varies across insects with diverse navigational capabilities requires com
