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A calorimetric study of phospholipid hydration. Simultaneous monitoring of enthalpy and free energy

We present a novel method for monitoring isothermal lipid hydration using a sorption microcalorimeter. A measuring cell of the double-twin calorimeter consists of two vessels connected by a stainless steel tube. The upper vessel contains pure water, and the bottom vessel is loaded with the lipid sample. This calorimeter allows for simultaneous measurement of the partial molar enthalpy and the chem

The effect of reduced glomerular filtration rate on plasma total homocysteine concentration

The concentration of homocysteine in plasma has been shown to be increased in renal failure, possibly contributing to the accelerated atherosclerosis observed in uraemic patients. The aim of the present study was to document the relationship between plasma total homocysteine (tHcy) concentrations and glomerular filtration rates (GFR) in highly selected patients, with renal function ranging from no

A novel hollow-fibre microporous membrane liquid-liquid extraction for determination of free 4-isobutylacetophenone concentration at ultra trace level in environmental aqueous samples

In this study, a method was developed for determination of the free concentration of 4-isobutylacetophenone, a toxic degradation product of ibuprofen, in river and sewage water samples from Sweden. Sample preparation and analysis were performed by a hollow-fibre microporous membrane liquid-liquid extraction (HF-MMLLE) set-up and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), respectively. In this n

Globalization and risky human-capital investment

Globalization is supposed to increase the mobility of highly skilled labor and to reduce governments' scope for redistribution. We show that this increases the private incentives for education and may decrease, but may also increase, the government's incentives to provide education subsidies in a framework in which education investment is risky. Globalization shifts the cost of these subsidies to

Multiple Windows for Estimation of Locally Stationary Transients in the Electroencephalogram

In this paper, multiple windows, optimal for locally stationary processes (MW-LSP) are used to estimate the spectrogram of the electroencephalogram (EEG) where we focus on the ability to estimate transient frequency changes. A peak of known frequency was evoked in the EEG spectrum in a predetermined time interval, by using a 9 Hz flickering light. We investigate the multiple windows corresponding

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Stabilization of the state of equilibrium of affine system controlled by saturating control is investigated. Saturating stabilizing control is designed by means of rescaling of control laws after linearization of the system under feedback control. A method for estimation of the stabilized region of state space is provided. As an example, a solution to the task of stabilization of the orientation o

Bose-Einstein correlations in W+W- events at LEP2

Bose-Einstein correlations (BEC) between final state particles in the reaction e(+)e(-) -> W+ W- -> q(1)(q(2)) over barq(3)(q(4)over bar>) over bar) have been studied. Data corresponding to a total integrated luminosity of 550 pb(-1), recorded by the DELPHI detector at centre-of-mass energies ranging from 189 to 209 GeV, were analysed. An indication for inter-W BEC between like-sign particles has

Loss of size-selectivity of the glomerular filtration barrier in rats following laparotomy and muscle trauma.

Post-traumatic microalbuminuria may be caused by either charge- or size-selective alterations in the glomerular filtration barrier, or both, and/or to a reduction in proximal tubular protein reabsorption (PTR). This study was performed to elucidate the pathophysiology of the increases in glomerular permeability occurring in rats exposed to laparotomy or to laparotomy and muscle trauma. In anaesthe

Allvar Gullstrand (1862-1930) - the Gentleman with the Lamp.

This is a biography of Allvar Gullstrand (1862-1930) on the occasion of the centennial of his 1911 Nobel Prize in physiology or medicine. We reviewed pertinent literature and we did archival studies at the Uppsala University Library and the Regional State Archives at Lund as well as the Nobel Archives at the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences in Stockholm. Allvar Gullstrand was a brilliant scientis

Effects of pH management during selective antegrade cerebral perfusion on cerebral microcirculation and metabolism: alpha-stat versus pH-stat

BACKGROUND: Selective cerebral perfusion (SCP) is used for extending the period during which surgical procedures can be safely performed. We sought to determine the direct effects of pH management on cerebral microcirculation and metabolism during SCP. METHODS: An experimental SCP porcine model was created by selectively allowing cold perfusate only into the bicarotid brachiocephalic trunk during

Binding of factor VIIa to tissue factor on human fibroblasts leads to activation of phospholipase C and enhanced PDGF-BB-stimulated chemotaxis

Tissue factor (TF) is the cellular receptor for factor FVIIa (FVIIa), and the complex is the principal initiator of blood coagulation. The effects of FVIIa binding to TF on cell migration and signal transduction of human fibroblasts, which express high amounts of TF, were studied. Fibroblasts incubated with FVIIa migrated toward a concentration gradient of PDGF-BB at approximately 100 times lower

A Randomized Clinical Trial of Prophylaxis in Children with Hemophilia A (the ESPRIT Study).

Background: Prevention of arthropathy is a major goal of hemophilia treatment. While studies in adults have demonstrated an impact of prophylaxis on the incidence of joint bleeds and patients' well-being in terms of improved quality of life (QoL), it is unclear whether or not prophylaxis influences the outcome and well-being perception of children with hemophilia. Objective: This randomized contro