Effective dopamine (DA) neuron differentiation from neural precursor cells (NPCs) is prerequisite for precursor/stem cell-based therapy of Parkinson's disease (PD). Nurr1, an orphan nuclear receptor, has been reported as a transcription factor that can drive DA neuron differentiation from non-dopaminergic NPCs in vitro. However, Nurr1 alone neither induces full neuronal maturation nor expression o

In this paper we describe the find of an early Mesolithic skeleton from Österöd, Bro parish, in central Bohuslän. The skeleton was originally found in 1903 by diggers in a shell bank, but was only recovered in 1933 by Johan Alin. In 2007, 14C analysis of a tooth produced the date 9025±65 BP uncalibrated, making the skeleton one of the oldest known from Scandinavia. Osteological determinations show

Finanskrisen 2008 har väckt starkt intresse för kreditvolymens och skuldsättningens roll i samhällsekonomin. Här kartlägger vi framväxten av en svensk kreditcykel. Den har längre varaktighet och större svängningar än den traditionella konjunkturcykeln samt en nära koppling till den internationella kreditcykeln. Långvarig och hög tillväxt i kreditvolymen i förhållande till den reala tillväxten lede

Conclusion: This study shows a persistent trend of an increase in the incidence of carcinoma of the tongue into the twenty-first century for both sexes and all age groups except for young males. Objectives: During the last decades increased incidence of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the tongue in young adults has been reported. We previously showed an increased incidence in SCC of the tongue in

Energifrågan berör många politikområden, inte minst säkerhetspolitiken. Föreställningar om framtida energisäkerhet, eller energi och säkerhet, baseras oundvikligen på underliggande antaganden och subjektiva perspektiv som gärna färgas av dagsaktuella problem. Detta kan innebära problem för dem som ägnar sig åt beslutsfattande i ett långsiktigt perspektiv. Denna rapport har ett säkerhetspolitiskt

The g factors of the first excited 2(+) states in the Sn-112,Sn-114,Sn-116,Sn-122,Sn-124 isotopes have been measured with high accuracy using the transient field technique in combination with Coulomb excitation in inverse kinematics. The experimental results are discussed in a qualitative way on the basis of empirical single-particle g factors of the relevant proton and neutron orbitals and are co

Emissions and fuel economy are evaluated for two types of biofuels, namely 2-phenyl ethanol and cyclohexaneethanol. Both are derived from lignin, a form of lignocellulosic biomass. The former and latter oxygenates have an aromatic and aliphatic (i.e. saturated) ring structure, respectively. Two parametric engine sweeps were performed. First, non-EGR operation by means of varying the load via injec

In this work the syntheses, structure, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and the catalytic use in the oxidative transformations of cyclohexene of covalently grafted Mn(II)-complexes formed with various C-protected amino acid (L-histidine, L-cysteine and L-cystine) ligands are presented. The structural features of the surface complexes were studied by EPR, X-ray absorption, and mid/far IR spectro

The role of the genome in the assembly of icosahedral viral capsids has been investigated by molecular dynamics simulation of a coarse-grained model, in which the capsomers carry explicit charges and the polynucleic acid is represented by a bead-spring chain. The co-assembly process was contrasted with the self-assembly of uncharged capsomers. In the co-assembly, the capsomers first associated to

We present a new design method for robust low-delay coding of autoregressive (AR) sources for transmission across erasure channels. It is a fundamental rethinking of existing concepts. It considers the encoder a mechanism that produces signal measurements from which the decoder estimates the original signal. The method is based on linear predictive coding and Kalman estimation at the decoder. We e

β-Mannans are abundant and diverse plant structural and storage polysaccharides. Certain human gut microbiota members including health-promoting Bifidobacterium spp. catabolize dietary mannans. Little insight is available on the enzymology of mannan deconstruction in the gut ecological niche. Here, we report the biochemical properties of the first family 5 subfamily 8 glycoside hydrolase (GH5_8) m

Patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) are usually obese and concurrent obesity results into activation of the renin-angiotensin-system (RAS) which is a risk factor for diabetic nephropathy (DN). Gene-gene interaction between acetyl-coenzymeA carboxylase beta (ACAC beta) gene, which is involved in fatty acid metabolism and angiotensin II receptors (AGTR1) gene, which mediates RAS proteins actions on

We investigate the interaction between surface acoustic waves on a piezoelectric LiNbO3 substrate and charge carriers in InAs nanowire transistors. Interdigital transducers are used to excite electromechanical waves on the chip surface and their influence on the transport in the nanowire devices is studied at room temperature. Charge pumping is studied in different biasing conditions and in pulsed

For the assessment of personal exposure, information about the concentration of pollutants when people are in given indoor environments (occupancy time) are of prime importance. However this kind of data frequently is not reported. The aim of this study was to assess differences in particle characteristics between occupancy time and the total monitoring period, with the latter being the most frequ

This thesis presents methods for improving the accuracy and efficiency of tasks performed using different kinds of industrial manipulators, with a focus on the application of machining. Industrial robots offer a flexible and cost-efficient alternative to machine tools for machining, but cannot achieve as high accuracy out of the box. This is mainly caused by non-ideal properties in the robot joint