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This study investigates changes in nighttime sleep duration in relation to cognitive decline and risk of incident dementia. A total of 3057 participants from the Swedish population study ‘Good Aging in Skåne’ (Mage = 68.4) with normal baseline sleep duration (6–8 h) were followed up to 20 years (Myears = 8.39). Self-reported change was defined as shortened or prolonged if participants lost or gain
Functional data analysis is typically performed in two steps: first, functionally representing discrete observations, and then applying functional methods to the so-represented data. The initial choice of a functional representation may have a significant impact on the second phase of the analysis, as shown in recent research, where data-driven spline bases outperformed the predefined rigid choice
Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have enabled the creation of increasingly accurate, personalized AI simulations that can partially but plausibly mimic an individual’s linguistic style, expressed memories and beliefs, preferences and values, personality traits, and patterns of reasoning. While these technologies offer potential benefits, we argue that they pose a novel threat to the
Palladium hydrides are promising systems for hydrogen sensors and hydrogen storage, making the study of hydride formation in nanoparticles highly relevant. Lately, such studies have often been performed in situ or operando using synchrotron radiation of increasingly high intensity and brilliance. While beam-induced effects are well documented in liquid environments, they are rarely considered in t
Global changes are leading to widespread species redistribution. Comprehensive assessments of range shift dynamics and their drivers are difficult, partly due to the variation in range shift detection over space and taxa. Here we compile documented range shift records for 1,758 butterfly species from 105 countries and territories, representing ~10% of the known diversity of these insects. Most spe
This dissertation examines rhetorical aspects of market-oriented political thought in Sweden during the turn towards market-liberalism during the 1970s and 1980s. While there is a vast body of literature that demonstrates the importance of employers’ organisations in the dissemination of market-liberal ideas in Sweden, less attention has been paid to the rhetorical aspects through which ideologica
Point defects in titanium dioxide (TiO2) are the most relevant reaction sites for the activation of oxygenates. Herein, we probe the activation of CO2 on highly defective TiO2 in situ using synchrotron-based near-ambient pressure X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy between 0.1 mbar and 2.6 mbar from room temperature to 700 K. Multiple carbon surface intermediates form upon CO2 activation. The presenc
We report on the development and first experiments at a new X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) endstation at the FemtoMAX beamline of the MAX IV Laboratory. Femtosecond time-resolved XAS measurements on solvated photoexcited molecular systems were performed with pulse-width-limited temporal resolution. The results demonstrate nearly shot-noise-limited signal quality, highlighting the capability o
Layer-by-layer self-assembled structures of the blood-clotting glycoprotein fibrinogen have been resolved at a fluid interface using neutron reflectometry and complementary techniques to reveal an unexpected mechanism that contradicts a long-established adsorption model. The widely accepted monolayer tilt model, inferred over two decades ago from ellipsometry data, involves progressive tilting of
Aim: This study aimed to compare the safety and effectiveness of direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) with low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) in patients with venous thromboembolism (VTE) and active cancer in a real-world setting in Sweden, Norway, Finland, the UK and Germany. Materials & methods: This observational cohort study used datasets from Sweden, Norway, Finland (National Patient and P
This chapter provides an overview of the development of nursing education in Sweden and its leadership from the earliest days when matrons enforced strict discipline through the transition to the current multi-faceted academic leadership. Nursing education in Sweden has developed in close association with concurrent societal developments. Society’s changing demands led to a series of reforms and d
Marine carbonate oolites are a key feature of the Hirnantian Stage (445.2–443.8 Ma) and their formation may be the combined result of latest Ordovician glacial eustasy and the associated mass extinction event. In this paper, we provide the first highly time-resolved carbon isotope data (δ13Ccarb) from the Keel Oolite in the Arbuckle Mountains of southern Oklahoma, aiming to clarify its temporal re
Quantum computing has progressed from a theoretical concept to a practical experimental technology. By processing information according to quantum mechanics rather than classical rules, quantum computers may offer advantages for certain problems. Although a few algorithms have proven speedups, it remains unclear where quantum computers will be practically useful, especially since current devices a
There are many discussions promoting the use of GenAI tools to create summaries of research papers and texts both for students as well as academics. These are often mainly focusing on potential benefits such as saving time and effort, including the advice and how-to instructions. Their expected value however is dependent on in how factually reliable and trustworthy generated summaries are, which i
DN DEBATT.En miljardärsskatt har blivit aktuell i valdebatten. Men en sådan ordning har Sverige redan prövat. Det gick sådär. Börsen skickades in i en istid och svenska företag hamnade i utländska händer. Resultatet blev lägre välstånd och tillväxt. Att göra om samma misstag igen vore dåraktigt, skriver nationalekonomerna Fredrik N G Andersson och Lars Jonung.
Marine resources are attracting significant attention from the cosmetics sector as a source of active ingredients. The oligo-elements like iron, copper and zinc, as well as proteins, amino acids, carbohydrates and vitamins A, B and C, are abundant in both micro-and macro-algae. These active components provide a range of benefits including hydration, firmness, shine, protection and slimming effects
Denna uppsats undersöker motivationsskäl som tolkas som attityder med dubbel riktning. Den presenterar en tolkning som hittills har förbisetts i litteraturen och som ifrågasätter en humeansk syn på förklarande skäl. Den nya tolkningen betraktar motivationsskäl som innehållet i en särskild typ av icke-kognitiva attityder – vilket skiljer tolkningen från tidigare kognitiva förklaringar – och behandl
A rectangular conducting patch can be configured as a wideband or narrowband antenna, depending on its placement on the ground plane. The feeding method and the presence of a stacked patch also significantly influence the impedance bandwidth. In this context, the paper revisits the operating principles of patch antennas from the perspective of characteristic mode analysis (CMA), with a focus on im
LepEU, the European Lepidopteran Population Genomics Consortium, was launched in 2023 to coordinate continental-scale collections and generate population-level genomic data for butterflies and moths across Europe. Its whole-genome resequencing strategy takes advantage of the growing availability of reference genomes for Lepidoptera. LepEU supports scalable, standardized sampling and sequencing to
