Search results

Background: In sub-Saharan Africa, truckers and female sex workers (FSWs) have high HIV risk and face challenges accessing HIV testing. Adding HIV self-testing (HIVST) to standard of care (SOC) programs increases testing rates. However, the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. HIVST may decrease barriers (inconvenient clinic hours, confidentiality concerns) and thus we would expect a gr

The majority of user experiments at the high repetition-rate free electron laser (FEL) facility FLASH are of pump-probe type, combining the extreme ultraviolet (XUV) or soft x-ray radiation from the FEL with ultrashort pulses generated by optical lasers. In this contribution, we demonstrate the advantages of using high-power Yb:YAG lasers with subsequent nonlinear pulse compression stages based on

Introduction: Diffuse peripheral neuropathy is a well-known complication of several conditions, whereas many patients have peripheral neuropathy of unknown etiology and pathophyisology. Increased knowledge of mechanisms may provide insight into enteric neuropathy with gastrointestinal dysmotility. The aim of the present systematic review was to identify mechanisms behind diffuse idiopathic periphe

Background: The solid-state cadmium-zinc-telluride (CZT) gamma camera for myocardial perfusion single-photon emission computed tomography (MPS) has theoretical advantages compared to the conventional gamma camera technique. This includes more sensitive detectors and better energy resolution. We aimed to explore the diagnostic performance of gated MPS with a CZT gamma camera compared to a conventio

Aims: Data on sex and left ventricular assist device (LVAD) utilization and outcomes have been conflicting and mostly confined to US studies incorporating older devices. This study aimed to investigate sex-related differences in LVAD utilization and outcomes in a contemporary European LVAD cohort. Methods and results: This analysis is part of the multicentre PCHF-VAD registry studying continuous-f

Objective: Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)–associated vasculitis (AAV) is a chronic relapsing condition with unknown etiology. To gain insight into the molecular processes underlying the disease, we examined biomarkers in blood samples collected prior to symptom onset. Methods: The National Patient Register and Cause of Death register were searched for AAV-related International Classifi

Antiferromagnetic (AF) materials offer a route to realising high-speed, high-density data storage devices that are robust against magnetic fields due to their intrinsic dynamics in the THz-regime and the lack magnetic stray fields. The key to functionality and efficiency is the control of AF domains and domain walls. Although AF domain structures are known to be sensitive to magnetoelastic effects

Background: There is little knowledge of how organizational and social work environmental conditions impact workers’ perceptions of occupational balance. The aim of the present study was to investigate organizational and social work environmental conditions as predictors of Swedish occupational therapists’ perceptions of occupational balance. Materials/Methods: This prospective study collected dat

Background: Physiotherapy is usually the first line of treatment for musculoskeletal disorders. If pain persists, an appointment with an orthopaedic surgeon is indicated, but many disorders for which patients are placed on orthopaedic waiting lists cannot be treated in an orthopaedic clinic. Specialised manual therapy, although not mainstream, can be an effective alternative to orthopaedic care, a

We study a controlled evolutionary dynamics that models the spread of a novel state in a network where the exogenous control aims to quickly spread the novel state. We estimate the performance of the system by analytically establishing upper and lower bounds on the expected time needed for the novel state to replace the original one. Such bounds are expressed as functions of the control policy ado

A new efficient synthesis method of angular selective surfaces (ASSs) based on the accurate equivalent circuit model is proposed. The angular dispersion of different components under oblique incidence is modeled by virtual lumped elements in the angular domain. The processes of obtaining the equivalent circuit for substrates, electrically small grids and patch arrays are presented in detail. The s

The CLEAR X-ray emission spectrometer installed at the CLAESS beamline of the ALBA synchrotron is described. It is an energy-dispersive spectrometer based on Rowland circle geometry with 1 m-diameter circle. The energy dispersion is achieved by the combination of a diced analyzer crystal and a unidimensional detector. A single unconventional dynamically bent analyzer crystal (Si 111) permits a wid

Objectives: To examine the relationship between the English index of multiple deprivation (IMD) and the incidence of stillbirth and assess whether IMD contributes to the prediction of stillbirth provided by the combination of maternal demographic characteristics and elements of medical history. Methods: This was a prospective, observational study of 159 125 women with a singleton pregnancy who att

The book constitutes a basic, concise, yet rigorous first course in complex analysis, for undergraduate students who have studied multivariable calculus and linear algebra. The textbook should be particularly useful for students of joint programmes with mathematics, as well as engineering students seeking rigour. The aim of the book is to cover the bare bones of the subject with minimal prerequisi

In this work, we use attosecond time-resolved techniques to investigate photoionization dynamics on its natural timescale, employing both high harmonic generation and seeded free-electron lasers to generate extreme ultraviolet attosecond pulse trains for our studies. With the former approach, we examine the role of nuclear motion in molecular photoionization dynamics, while with the latter we intr

While the eddy covariance (EC) technique is a well-established method for measuring water fluxes (i.e., evaporation or 'evapotranspiration’, ET), the measurement is susceptible to many uncertainties. One such issue is the potential underestimation of ET when relative humidity (RH) is high (>70%), due to low-pass filtering with some EC systems. Yet, this underestimation for different types of EC sy

Objective: To examine the associations between five major adverse pregnancy outcomes and long term risks of ischemic heart disease in mothers. Design: National cohort study. Setting: Sweden. Participants: All 2 195 266 women with a first singleton delivery in Sweden during 1973-2015. Main outcome measures: The main outcome measure was incidence of ischemic heart disease from delivery to 2018, iden

Antiferromagnets (AFMs) are promising for future spintronic applications because of their fast dynamics and lack of stray fields. For the required switching of the Néel vector (staggered magnetization), a current induced bulk Néel spin-orbit torque (NSOT) is most promising. Here we demonstrate current pulse induced complete, remanent, and reversible Néel vector switching of epitaxial Mn2Au(001) th

Introduction: Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) and Leber congenital amaurosis (LCA) are two groups of inherited retinal diseases (IRDs) where the rod photoreceptors degenerate followed by the cone photoreceptors of the retina. A genetic diagnosis for IRDs is challenging since >280 genes are associated with these conditions. While whole exome sequencing (WES) is commonly used by diagnostic facilities, the

Nanoparticles (NPs) mixed at the atomic scale have been synthesized by atmospheric-pressure spark ablation using pairs of Pd and Hf electrodes. Gravimetric analysis of the electrodes showed that the fraction of each material in the resulting mixed NPs can be varied from ca. 15-85 at% to 85-15 at% by employing different combinations of electrode polarities and thicknesses. These results were also q