A method is presented for identification of positional isomers of dichlorinated fatty acids, based on derivatization to picolinyl esters prior to gas chromatographic/mass spectrometric analysis in the electron ionization mode. The mass spectra of the picolinyl esters showed structure-specific fragmentation patterns. By using the picolinyl ester, 5,6-dichlorotetradecanoic acid was identified as a m

Background and Purpose-It is disputed whether there are sex differences in management and outcome after stroke; early studies have shown inconsistent results. The objective of this study was to verify and explain differences between men and women in management and outcome after stroke in a national perspective. Methods-In 2001, 20 761 stroke patients were registered in Riks-Stroke, the national qu

The casein breakdown, peptide hydrolysis and accumulation of amino acids were studied in the semi-hard Swedish cheese, Herrgard produced at 3 dairies. Casein components were analysed by capillary electrophoresis, and peptide profiles as well as amino acid composition with reverse phase HPLC. Ten cheeses from the same vat of each of the 3 dairies were analysed; 5 cheeses each after 3 and 6 months o

An alpha/beta barrel is predicted for the three-dimensional (3D) structure of Bacillus subtilis ferrochelatase. To arrive at this structure, the THREADER program was used to find possible homologous 3D structures and to predict the secondary structure for the ferrochelatase sequence. The secondary structure was fit by hand to the selected homologous 3D structure then the MODELLER program was used

The aim of this study was to evaluate some bioassays that are different in principle: cell counting, colony forming assay, 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide (MTT), sulforhodamine B (SRB), crystal violet, and alamarBlue, with respect to their ability to measure cisplatin-induced cell death of in vitro-cultivated squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN). Cispl

The principal fate during litter decomposition and mineralization is rather well established only for a limited number of elements, mainly essential plant nutrients and a few potentially very toxic metals. Elements which occupy the majority of the positions in the periodical system seems almost unknown in this context. The objectives were, therefore to assess differences in the behavior of 58 mine

Efficient policy instruments for reducing the emission of greenhouse gases are essential for the realisation of a successful climate policy. General economic policy instruments have the potential for providing efficient emission reduction as they equalise marginal costs for emission reduction between different actors. They also provide incentives for a great variety of responses such as energy eff

Semenogelins I and II are major coagulum-forming proteins in semen, and they are secreted mainly by the seminal vesicles. These proteins bind Zn2+ and act as substrates for prostate-specific antigen and transglutaminase. A variant semenogelin I lacking 60 amino acids has been described that occurs in different populations with an allele frequency of 1%-3%. To better understand the function of the

A high-spin rotational band with 11 gamma -ray transitions has barn observed in Tc-91. The dynamical moment of inertia as well as the transition quadrupole moment of 8.1(-1.4)(+1.9) eb measured for this band show the characteristics of a superdeformed band. However, the shape is more elongated than in the neighbouring A = 80-90 superdeformed nuclei. Theoretical interpretations of the band within t

The effects of continuous and intermittent inhalation of trichloroethylene (TCE) were studied in male and female mice. Plasma butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) activity, body, liver, kidney and spleen weights were measured. The liver was studied histologically and motor activity measured with doppler radar. Continuous TCE-exposure (37–300 p.p.m.) increased plasma BuChE activity in the males in a time

Young entrepreneurs establishing enterprises in Hanoi, Vietnam, are faced with an economic environment very different from that of their parents' generation, as doi moi (renovation) introduced in 1986 creates an increasingly capitalist market economy. Drawing on field studies in Hanoi we consider whether such entrepreneurs are able to take advantage of social capital networks - namely, bonding, br

OBJECTIVES: To estimate the total direct medical costs to society for patients with type 2 diabetes in Sweden and to investigate how different factors, for example diabetic late complications, affect costs. DESIGN: Cross-sectional data regarding health care utilization, clinical characteristics and quality of life, were collected at a single time-point. Data on resource use cover the 6-month perio

A comparison was made of 15 different techniques which are used in assessing soil microbial populations and/or biomasses. These include direct observations (fungal standing crop, fluorescein diacetate active mycelia, acridine orange stained bacteria), cultural methods (bacterial plate counts), physiological methods (total microbial, bacterial and fungal biomasses, O2-uptake), soil enzyme analyses