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Density functional theory (B3LYP) calculations of the hydration of trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) and a surfactant dimethyldodecylamine-N-oxide (DDAO) are reported. Hydrogen-bonded complexes of DDAO with up to three water molecules and of TMAO with up to five water molecules are studied. Interactions of both TMAO and DDAO with water give rise to the binding energies that are much higher than that i

Relapsing polychondritis is an autoimmune disease in which an inappropriate immune response destroys cartilage. Cartilage of the ears, larynx and nose rather than spine and joint cartilage is affected by a chronic relapsing and erosive inflammation. Several animal models for relapsing polychondritis have been published in which immunization with various cartilage proteins induces a variety of chon

Chronic treatment with epidermal growth factor (EGF) stimulates growth of all wall layers of the urinary tract in pigs and rats. Herein, we investigated the acute effects of EGF on detrusor smooth muscle activity. For in vivo examination, awake rats received EGF (75 micrograms/kg) intravenously and detrusor smooth muscle activity was monitored cystometrically. The EGF bolus caused no alteration in

Popular Abstract in Swedish Skeletthälsa och livsstilsbeteenden hos unga kvinnor I Sverige kommer ungefär 50 % av alla kvinnor att drabbas av en fraktur någon gång under sitt liv. Ett starkt skelett med hög mängd benmassa är det som främst bidrar till att förebygga benskörhetsfrakturer. Kvinnor har efter ungdomsåren mindre mängd benmassa än män och mängden benmassa minskar hos kvinnor snabbare i The overall aim of this prospective observational study with a salutogenic approach was to investigate bone mineral density (BMD) and BMD changes in the heel bone, in a group of healthy women, in relation to physiological factors and lifestyle behaviours over a two-year period as well as investigating the women’s view of their lifestyle behaviours. Data were collected in 1999 (T1) and 2001 (T2). H

Nitro blue tetrazolium (NBT) is an artificial electron acceptor which has been suggested to be a useful tool in studies of free radicals. To establish whether NBT could be useful in morphological demonstration of free radicals in the retina, the staining pattern was examined in normal rat retina and after incubation with the free radical scavenger superoxide dismutase or with inhibitors of free ra

In this letter, we address the antenna subset selection problem in spatially correlated multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) channels. To reduce the severe performance degradation of the traditional antenna selection scheme in correlated channels, we propose to embed fast Fourier transform operations in the RF chains. The resulting system shows a significant advantage both for diversity schemes a

Streamflow in the Himalayan rivers is generated from rainfall, snow and ice. The distribution of runoff produced from these sources is such that the streamflow may be observed in these rivers throughout the year, i.e. they are perennial in nature. Snow and glacier melt runoff contributes substantially to the annual flows of these rivers and its estimation is required for the planning, development

The goal of endocrine therapy in breast cancer is to block the action of estrogen on the tumor cells either by inhibiting estrogen from binding to the specific estrogen receptor or by inhibiting its synthesis. Tamoxifen, a selective estrogen receptor modulator, is the standard endocrine treatment for hormone receptor-positive breast cancer, both in the adjuvant and metastatic settings. Tamoxifen i

Using a frequency-chirped ring dye laser, we have stored and recalled as much as 48 bits of information with the copropagating stimulated-echo geometry on the H-3(4)-D1(2) transition in Pr3+:YAlO3. Since the copropagating excitation scheme has all the excitation pulses spatially overlapping, this technique will be useful to the practical implementation of stimulated-echo memory because there is no