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BackgroundTranscatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) is a percutaneous catheter-based treatment of aortic stenosis as an alternative to open heart valve surgery. In cases of TAVI endocarditis, the treatment possibilities may be limited as surgical removal of the infected valve may be associated with a high risk in elderly, comorbid or frail patients. The propensity of bacteria to form a biofil

This thesis is dedicated to the construction of a novel model for nuclear structure; aimed atheavy and super-heavy nuclei. The model builds upon, and extends, nuclear density functionaltheory. The model describes a mapping of an energy density functional into an effectiveHamiltonian which is postulated to have a simple form. This Hamiltonian is solved in theframeworks of the generator coordinate m

Hållbarhet och hållbar mobilitet har blivit viktiga mål i national politik och policy. Cykling har dock inte kunnat dra nytta av detta. Om man betraktar cyklingens betydelse under de senaste decennierna, och dess förväntade betydelse i framtiden, finns emellertid få anledningar till optimism, åtminstone inte på nationell och övergripande nivå; cykeln befinner sig fortfarande i skuggan av bilen. DeSustainability and sustainable mobility have become important political goals and have left their mark as important discourses in national policies and programs. Against expectations, cycling has barely benefited from this. Looking back over the shoulder at the significance of cycling over the last few decades and looking forward to suggested implications in the future give no reason for joy, at l

This paper investigates the causal effects of sovereign debt crises in a sample of 50 defaulting economies between 1870 and 2010. As default is potentially endogenous, we use the narrative approach to identify plausibly exogenous episodes. We find economically and statistically significant costs of up to 3.2% of GDP before recovering to the pre-crisis level after five years. The average aftermath,

Sound event localization and detection (SELD) systems using audio recordings from a microphone array rely on spatial cues for determining the location of sound events. As a consequence, the localization performance of such systems is to a large extent determined by the quality of the audio features that are used as inputs to the system. We propose a new feature, based on neural generalized cross-c

Obalansen mellan könen inom forskningen anses vara ett problem av många skäl, inte minst för att kvinnors talang inom forskning inte utnyttjas fullt ut. Den politiska styrningen har de senaste decennierna därför riktats mot att öka andelen kvinnliga professorer genom könsbalansmål för befordringar. Det finns goda skäl att tro att vad som händer i början av den akademiska karriären spelar roll för

Identifying flying insects is a significant challenge for biologists. Entomological lidar offers a unique solution, enabling rapid identification and classification in field settings. No other method can match its speed and efficiency in identifying insects in flight. This non-intrusive tool is invaluable for assessing insect biodiversity, informing conservation planning, and evaluating efforts to

AIMS: Biomarkers associated with asymptomatic ventricular dysfunction might improve risk stratification and identify pathways leading to heart failure (HF). We explored the association between proteomic biomarkers and left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), diastolic dysfunction (DD) and incident HF in three population-based cohorts.METHODS AND RESULTS: A chip was used to measure 92 protein biomarkers

This brief anthology presents the basics of the interdisciplinary course called Smart City Governance – AI Ethics in a Spatial Context, given at LTH, Lund University. Furthermore, it includes three selected essays from the main assignment written by students from the class of 2023/2024. These provide with examples of the topics possible to analyse when combining engineering students from programme

Fire behaviour is changing in many regions worldwide. However, nonlinear interactions between fire weather, fuel, land use, management and ignitions have impeded formal attribution of global burned area changes. Here, we demonstrate that climate change increasingly explains regional burned area patterns, using an ensemble of global fire models. The simulations show that climate change increased gl

Amyloids are a category of protein structures where many individual polypeptide chains fold to form long β-sheet fibrils. These are strongly associated to many of today's incurableand fatal diseases, such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease. However, the exact cause of toxicity and disease initiation remains elusive. Amyloids are also interesting from a materials science perspective. Therefore,

Background: Myocardial perfusion SPECT (MPS) and exercise electrocardiography (Ex-ECG) results are of prognostic importance for short-term follow up duration. However, the value of MPS or Ex-ECG findings for long-term risk assessment is less evident as underlying risk factors for ischemic heart disease (IHD) gain in importance. Objectives: To assess the short- and long-term prognostic value of MPS

Background: Few neuroimaging studies have investigated structural brain differences associated with variations in pain distribution. Objective: To explore structural differences of the brain in fibromyalgia (FM), temporomandibular disorder pain (TMD) and healthy pain-free controls (CON) using structural and diffusion MRI. Methods: A case–control exploratory study with three study groups with diffe

As an integration of cutting-edge digital technologies, the metaverse is set to revolutionize online retailing. This study employed a well-established metaverse automotive retailing platform in China to explore the paths influencing consumers' purchase intention when shopping in the metaverse. We adopted structural equation modeling to analyze the data obtained from 348 respondents who were planni

Planetary health is being or should be added to medical training curricula in accordance with association consensus. Several articles published in recent years have addressed concern on the implementation, and the challenges that can occur if not addressed properly. This scoping narrative literature review focuses on planetary health as a concept, as well as challenges and suggested solutions to a

Ammonia is a carbon-free fuel that can be produced from renewable energy sources and has the potential to replace fossil fuels, exerting a significant impact on the decarbonization of power production and propulsion industries. However, the challenge lies in the high NOx emissions, narrow flammability, and low flame speed of ammonia/air mixtures. In this paper, we study a novel concept of double-f

We present data on molluscan fauna within the L3 loess unit (and partially within the S3 paleosol) from the key loess section of Veliki Surduk in Serbia. The section correlates to Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 8 and late MIS 9 and, thus, spans the time frame from ~350 to 250 ka. The Veliki Surduk loess–paleosol sequence (LPS) is located on the northwestern margin of the Titel loess plateau and compri

Combined CDK4/6 inhibitor (CDK4/6i) and endocrine therapy significantly improves outcome for patients with estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) metastatic breast cancer, but drug resistance and thus disease progression inevitably occur. Herein, we aimed to identify genomic alterations associated with combined CDK4/6i and endocrine therapy resistance, and follow the levels of specific mutations in long

Background: Osteonecrosis (ON) is a potentially disabling skeletal complication of cancer treatment. Although symptomatic osteonecrosis (sON) is well-known in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), with an incidence around 6%, studies on sON in pediatric Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) are scarce. The aim of this study was to examine the incidence, risk factors, and outcome of sON in children treated for HL. P