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The overall aim of this work was to increase our knowledge of newborn infants and their mothers, gain a better understanding of attachment and the infants' development and identify infants at risk for poorer emotional, social and cognitive development. An interdisciplinary approach was used. Six studies are included in the thesis. Non-nutritive sucking (NNS) and its relation to neurobehavioural st
Results of numerical simulations are presented for flow past a stationary circular cylinder at low Reynolds numbers (Re=50-200). The simulations were carried out using a finite-volume code employing a fractional step method with second-order accuracy in both space and time. A sensitivity study on numerical parameters concerning the domain size, grid independence and time step resolution was carrie
On 7 December 1975 Indonesian troops invaded the former Portuguese colony of East Timor, which had unilaterally declared itself independent on 28 November the same year. The immediate background to the Indonesian invasion of East Timor was that the old regime in Portugal was overthrown in April 1974, resulting in a decolonisation programme for Portugal's colonies. Immediately after the invasion In
Personal computers (PC) have become an indispensable product in modern life. Along with the growing volume of computers, the environmental burden and impact at the end-of-life phase known as e-waste become significant. Considering the material-intensive nature of the production of computers, and the environmental burdens caused by landfills, incinerations and improper recycling activities, persona
The Swedish government has set the goal of achieving carbon-neutrality by 2045. The production of cement currently accounts for 8% of CO2 emissions worldwide, with a similar figure also true of Sweden. A clear government strategy is therefore needed to work with and provide support to the cement industry for decarbonisation. The most developed pathway for cement decarbonisation in the literature i
Equitable distribution of healthcare services towards the reduction of HIV-AIDS prevalence in Nigeria remains a major public health concern. One of several research model to solve this public health problem is the use Geographical Information System, a two-step floating catchment area (2SFCA), this model emerged in the last decade as a key measure of spatial accessibility, particularly in its appl
It can no longer be refuted that greywater reuse is paramount to curbing the persistent global water crisis. Of the domestic wastewaters, greywater is less polluted than blackwater, but treatment is still necessary to make it safe for reuse. The most common greywater reuse application is toilet flushing. However, the use of vacuum toilets in the Oceanhamnen project, covered in this thesis, means t
In times of climate change, companies face extreme pressure from external stakeholders to engage in environmental sustainability activities. Especially companies of industries that significantly contribute to the global carbon emissions are expected to change their behaviour. There, the road freight transportation business is known for its particularly heavy impact. Being forced to adapt to change
Patients with coronary artery disease remain at increased risk of recurrent life-threatening cardiovascular events even after adequate guideline-based treatment of conventional risk factors, including blood lipid levels. Inflammation is a critical pathway in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and is independently associated with risk of recurrent cardiovascular events. Leukotrienes are potent pro
Studies of the apportionment of human genetic variation have long established that most human variation is within population groups and that the additional variation between population groups is small but greatest when comparing different continental populations. These studies often used Wright's F(ST) that apportions the standardized variance in allele frequencies within and between population gr
Background: The Hip disability and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (HOOS) is a frequently used patient-reported outcome measure (PROM) for assessment of hip disorders and treatment effects following hip surgery. The objective of the study was to translate and adapt the Hip disability and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (HOOS) into Polish and to investigate the psychometric properties of the HOOS in pati
Swedish Match is a global Group of companies with a broad assortment of market-leading brands in smokeless tobacco products, cigars, pipe tobacco and lights products. The South African organization comprises of three individual companies that were acquired between 1999 and 2001. This thesis was focused on two of these three companies, Leonard Dingler and Best Blend with pipe tobacco as the most im
The construction and operation of buildings is resource and energy intensive. As a sector buildings are responsible for roughly a quarter of all greenhouse gasses globally and represent a key intervention point in the fight against climate change. Energy and green building certification schemes are an example of tools that can be used in the design and construction high-performance buildings to he
Objective The primary objective of this study was to assess the impact of atomoxetine in combination with psychoeducation, compared with placebo and psychoeducation, on health-related quality of life (HRQL) in Swedish stimulant-naive pediatric patients with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). HRQL results will be presented elsewhere. Here, psychoeducation as well as efficacy and safet
1 alpha,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D-3 (1 alpha,25(OH)(2)D-3) had earlier been regarded as the only active hormone. The newly identified actions of 25-hydroxyvitamin D-3 (25(OH)D-3) and 24R,25-dihydroxyvitamin D-3 (24R,25(OH)(2)D-3) broadened the vitamin D-3 endocrine system, however, the current data are fragmented and a systematic understanding is lacking. Here we performed the first systematic study o
Identifying environmental factors that structure intraspecific genetic diversity is of interest for both habitat preservation and biodiversity conservation. Recent advances in statistical and geographical genetics make it possible to investigate how environmental factors affect geographic organisation and population structure of molecular genetic diversity within species. Here we present a study o
