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The X-ray flux provided by X-ray free-electron lasers and storage rings offers new spatiotemporal possibilities to study in-situ and operando dynamics, even using single pulses of such facilities. X-ray Multi-Projection Imaging (XMPI) is a novel technique that enables volumetric information using single pulses of such facilities and avoids centrifugal forces induced by state-of-the-art time-resolv

Right ventricular (RV) volumes are commonly obtained through time-consuming manual delineations of cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) images. Deep learning-based methods can generate RV delineations, but few studies have assessed their ability to accelerate clinical practice. Therefore, we aimed to develop a clinical pipeline for deep learning-based RV delineations and validate its ability to reduce

Over the past two decades, intensive research efforts have been devoted to suppressions of Auger recombination in metal-chalcogenide and perovskite nanocrystals (PNCs) for the application of photovoltaics and light emitting devices (LEDs). Here, we have explored dodecahedron cesium lead bromide perovskite nanocrystals (DNCs), which show slower Auger recombination time compared to hexahedron nanocr

Genetic variation at the MTIF3 (Mitochondrial Translational Initiation Factor 3) locus has been robustly associated with obesity in humans, but the functional basis behind this association is not known. Here, we applied luciferase reporter assay to map potential functional variants in the haplotype block tagged by rs1885988 and used CRISPR-Cas9 to edit the potential functional variants to confirm

In polaritons, the properties of matter are modified by mixing the molecular transitions with light modes inside a cavity. Resultant hybrid light-matter states exhibit energy level shifts, are delocalized over many molecular units, and have a different excited-state potential energy landscape, which leads to modified exciton dynamics. Previously, non-Hermitian Hamiltonians have been derived to des

Objectives: To evaluate the total number of false-positive recalls, including radiographic appearances and false-positive biopsies, in the Malmö Breast Tomosynthesis Screening Trial (MBTST). Methods: The prospective, population-based MBTST, with 14,848 participating women, was designed to compare one-view digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) to two-view digital mammography (DM) in breast cancer scre

In this paper we present methods for triangulation of infinite cylinders from image line silhouettes. We show numerically that linear estimation of a general quadric surface is inherently a badly posed problem. Instead we propose to constrain the conic section to a circle, and give algebraic constraints on the dual conic, that models this manifold. Using these constraints we derive a fast minimal

This paper develops a novel sparse direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation technique that avoids the common requirement of hyperparameters, which are typically difficult to set suitably in practice. Using the presented minimum mean-square error (MMSE) estimation framework, we propose a computationally efficient super-resolution DOA estimator that is implemented using an alternate updating of the spa

BACKGROUND: Interstitial lung disease (ILD) is the most common cause of death in patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc). Prognostic biomarkers are needed to identify SSc-ILD patients at risk for progressive pulmonary fibrosis. This study investigates autoantibodies measured in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid and in serum in reference to the clinical disease course of SSc-ILD.METHODS: Fifteen pa

Low dimensional perovskite-inspired materials with self-tapped exciton (STE) emission have stimulated a surge of cutting-edge research in optoelectronics. Despite numerous efforts on developing versatile low-dimensional perovskite-inspired materials with efficient STE emissions, there is little emphasis on the intrinsic dynamics of STE-based broad emission in these materials. Here, we investigated

In this work, a computationally efficient evolutionary algorithm is proposed for estimating the direction of arrival (DOA) of coherently distributed (CD) sources corrupted by additive impulsive noise. The typical method, such as distributed signal parameter estimation (DSPE) method, requires a 2-D spectral peak search and cannot allow for coherent signals. The proposed method in this article uses

This paper addresses the hybrid quantized signal detection problem in a distributed radar system, where widely separated antennas transmit low-bit quantized data with varying quantization levels depending on the different bandwidth constraint for each channel to a fusion center. To enable a high detection performance with such hybrid quantized data, we formulate the generalized likelihood ratio, R

Abstract: Birds have evolved morphological, physiological and behavioural adaptations, encoded in their migratory programs, to enable successful migration. Sometimes, even closely related species, such as the Eurasian reed warbler and the sedge warbler, may adopt different migration strategies to reach their wintering grounds in sub-Saharan Africa. To study them in detail, we aimed to compare the

Single-cell RNAseq is a routinely used method to explore heterogeneity within cell populations. Data from these experiments are often visualized using dimension reduction methods such as UMAP and tSNE, where each cell is projected in two or three dimensional space. Three-dimensional projections can be more informative for larger and complex datasets because they are less prone to merging and flatt

Background Vaccine effectiveness against COVID-19 needs to be assessed in diverse real-world population settings.Methods A cohort study of 805 741 residents in Skåne county, Southern Sweden, aged 18-64 years, of whom 26 587 received at least one dose of the BNT162b2 vaccine. Incidence rates of COVID-19 were estimated in sex- and age-adjusted analysis and stratified in two-week periods with substan

Purpose: Tensor-valued diffusion encoding provides more specific information than conventional diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), but has mainly been applied in neuroimaging studies. This study aimed to assess its potential for the imaging of prostate cancer (PCa). Methods: Seventeen patients with histologically proven PCa were enrolled. DWI of the prostate was performed with linear and spherical t

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) often co-occur. Defining causal pathways underlying this relationship may help optimize the prevention and treatment of both diseases. Thus, we assessed the strength and magnitude of the putative causal pathways linking dysglycemia and fatty liver, using a combination of causal inference methods.Measures of glycemia, insulin dynam

The consecutive binding of two potassium ions to a bis(18-crown-6) analogue of Tröger’s base (BCETB) in water was studied by isothermal titration calorimetry using four different salts, KCl, KI, KSCN, and K2SO4. A counterintuitive result was observed: the enthalpy change associated with the binding of the second ion is more negative than that of the first (ΔH°bind,2 < ΔH°bind,1). This remarkable f