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Context. Measurements of the occultation of an exoplanet at visible wavelengths allow us to determine the reflective properties of a planetary atmosphere. The observed occultation depth can be translated into a geometric albedo. This in turn aids in characterising the structure and composition of an atmosphere by providing additional information on the wavelength-dependent reflective qualities of
We report the discovery of a third planet transiting the star TOI-1260, previously known to host two transiting sub-Neptune planets with orbital periods of 3.127 and 7.493 d, respectively. The nature of the third transiting planet with a 16.6-d orbit is supported by ground-based follow-up observations, including time-series photometry, high-angular resolution images, spectroscopy, and archival ima
The extent to which genetic variations contribute to interindividual differences in weight loss and metabolic outcomes after bariatric surgery is unknown. Identifying genetic variants that impact surgery outcomes may contribute to clinical decision making. This review evaluates current evidence addressing the association of genetic variants with weight loss and changes in metabolic parameters afte
Short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) are involved in immune system and inflammatory responses. We comprehensively assessed the host genetic and gut microbial contribution to a panel of eight serum and stool SCFAs in two cohorts (TwinsUK, n = 2507; ZOE PREDICT-1, n = 328), examined their postprandial changes and explored their links with chronic and acute inflammatory responses in healthy individuals and
Actual evapotranspiration (ETa) plays a crucial role in the water and energy cycles of the earth. An accurate estimate of the ETa is essential for management of the water resources, agriculture, and irrigation, as well as research on atmospheric variations. Despite the importance of accurate ETa values, estimating and mapping them remains challenging due to the physical and biological complexity o
A distinctive representation of image patches in form of features is a key component of many computer vision and robotics tasks, such as image matching, image retrieval, and visual localization. State-of-the-art descriptors, from hand-crafted descriptors such as SIFT to learned ones such as HardNet, are usually high-dimensional; 128 dimensions or even more. The higher the dimensionality, the large
It is a long-standing view that the main mechanism maintaining narrow migratory divides in passerines is the selection against intermediate and suboptimal migratory direction, but empirical proof of this is still lacking. We present novel results from a willow warbler migratory divide in central Sweden from where birds take the typical SW and SE as well as intermediate routes to winter quarters in
Background: Adverse events induced by intravesical bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) to treat high-grade non–muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) often lead to treatment discontinuation. The EAU-RF NIMBUS trial found a reduced number of standard-dose BCG instillations to be inferior with the standard regimen. Nonetheless, it remains important to evaluate whether patients in the reduced BCG treatmen
Background: Whether disease burden in patients with metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer (mCSPC) predicts treatment outcomes is unknown. We assessed apalutamide treatment effect in TITAN patients with mCSPC by disease volume, metastasis number and timing of metastasis presentation. Methods: These protocol-defined and post hoc analyses of the phase III randomised TITAN study evaluated cl
Cardiometabolic diseases are the leading preventable causes of death in most geographies. The causes, clinical presentations, and pathogenesis of cardiometabolic diseases vary greatly worldwide, as do the resources and strategies needed to prevent and treat them. Therefore, there is no single solution and health care should be optimised, if not to the individual (ie, personalised health care), the
Diabetes is a highly heterogeneous condition; yet, it is diagnosed by measuring a single blood-borne metabolite, glucose, irrespective of aetiology. Although pragmatically helpful, disease classification can become complex and limit advances in research and medical care. Here, we describe diabetes heterogeneity, highlighting recent approaches that could facilitate management by integrating three d
Prediabetes is a metabolic condition associated with gut mi-crobiome composition, although mechanisms remain elu-sive. We searched for fecal metabolites, a readout of gut microbiome function, associated with impaired fasting glucose (IFG) in 142 individuals with IFG and 1,105 healthy individuals from the UK Adult Twin Registry (TwinsUK). We used the Cooperative Health Research in the Region of Aug
BACKGROUND AND AIM: Cigarette smoking is the most common cause of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) but more mechanistic studies are needed. Cigarette smoke extract (CSE) can elicit a strong response in many COPD-related cell types, but no studies have been performed in lung fibroblasts. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the effect of CSE on gene expression in lung fibroblasts from hea
Bone strength is a major contributor to fracture risk. Areal bone mineral density (aBMD) obtained from dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) is used as a surrogate for bone strength in fracture risk prediction. 3D finite element (FE) models predict bone strength better than aBMD but need 3D computed tomography and are not automated. We have earlier developed a method to automatically reconstruct
Background: Metastasis to lymph nodes is strongly associated with reduced survival in breast cancer patients. To increase the understanding on how lymph node metastasis impairs the local immune response in affected lymphnodes, we here studied spatial proteomic changes of critical lymph node immune populations in uninvolved lymph nodes (UnLN) and paired lymph nodes with metastases (LNM) from five b
This paper presents a methodology for estimation of physically interpretable building energy performance characteristics such as: heat loss coefficient, azimuth angle dependent solar gain, and diurnal periodicity in heat-demand. The models are demonstrated on a case-study with hourly observations of district-heating connected apartment buildings in Denmark. The weather model inputs are obtained fr
Prokaryotic Argonaute proteins (pAgos) from the long-A clade are stand-alone immune systems that use small interfering DNA (siDNA) guides to recognize and cleave invading plasmid and virus DNA. Certain long-A pAgos are co-encoded with accessory proteins with unknown functions. Here, we show that cyanobacterial long-A pAgos act in conjunction with Argonaute-associated Cas4 family enzyme 1 (ACE1). S
Foraminifera are single-celled eukaryotes; most possess a perforated calcite test (shell) that fossilizes in marine sediments. During calcification, morphological features reflect environmental conditions, particularly, foraminiferal porosity is a promising proxy for reconstructing past ocean oxygenation.However, traditional analysis relies on averages from small parts of the shell in 2D slices du
This paper has the purpose of analyzing whether the growing e-commerce is pushing down inflation. We have dealt with theories concerning how e-commerce might affect price setting and increase competition on consumer-, producer-, and market level. Data concerning 30 European countries during a time period between 2002-2014 was set into a panel data and analyzed in an econometric framework. Our resu
