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Measurements of the azimuthal anisotropy in lead–lead collisions at sNN = 5.02 TeV are presented using a data sample corresponding to 0.49 nb - 1 integrated luminosity collected by the ATLAS experiment at the LHC in 2015. The recorded minimum-bias sample is enhanced by triggers for “ultra-central” collisions, providing an opportunity to perform detailed study of flow harmonics in the regime where

A search for new phenomena in events with two same-charge leptons or three leptons and jets identified as originating from b-quarks in a data sample of 36.1 fb−1 of pp collisions at s=13 TeV recorded by the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider is reported. No significant excess is found and limits are set on vector-like quark, four-top-quark, and same-sign top-quark pair production. The obs

Artificial intelligence (AI) shows promise in identifying psychopathology through language, but replicability in AI models remains challenging. We develop an AI-based language assessment of posttraumatic-stress-disorder (PTSD) severity and introduce the sequential evaluation with model preregistration to rigorously evaluate its validity and replicability. This design includes two phases: developme

Ultrahot Jupiters (UHJs) are exceptional laboratories for studying planetary atmospheres under extreme irradiation conditions. With close-in tidally locked orbits, these planets can have daysides hot enough for metals to be significantly ionized while still maintaining nightsides cold enough for refractory species to potentially condense. We present an analysis of the UHJ HAT-P-70b taken with the

This paper presents a method for mathematical modelling of surfaces conditioned on empirical data. It is based on solving a discrete biharmonic equation over a domain with given inner point and inner curve data. The inner curve data is used to model boundary values while the inner point data is used for modeling a load vector with the goal to generate a smooth surface. The construction of boundary

We present the 4MOST-HR resolution non–local thermal equilibrium (NLTE) Payne artificial neural network (ANN), trained on 404,793 new FGK spectra with 16 elements computed in NLTE. This network will be part of the Stellar Abundances and atmospheric Parameters Pipeline (SAPP), which will analyze 4 million stars during the 5 yr long 4MOST consortium 4: 4MOST MIlky way Disc And BuLgE High-Resolution

We study variational shrinkage in the sparse normal means model and compare it with the corresponding exact Bayes shrinkage rule. The focus is on the excess quadratic risk of the variational posterior mean. Using a squared-loss decomposition, we show that this excess risk is bounded by the discrepancy between the variational and exact Bayes estimators together with the benchmark Bayes risk. This y

Although stellar bars are prevalent in local galaxies, unbarred galaxies constitute a significant fraction, particularly at high redshifts. While some galaxies are unbarred by nature due to stability against the bar instability, several mechanisms capable of transforming barred galaxies into unbarred systems have also been proposed, such as central mass concentration, specific dark matter halo mor

The stellar-mass–halo-mass (SMHM) relation is central to our understanding of galaxy formation and the nature of dark matter. However, its normalization, slope, and scatter are highly uncertain at dwarf galaxy scales. In this paper, we present DarkLight, a new semi-empirical dwarf galaxy formation model designed to robustly predict the SMHM relation for the smallest galaxies. DarkLight harnesses a

This licentiate thesis is based on two papers related to convergence analysis of numerical schemes that contain stochasticity for problems under low-regularity assumptions. The first paper is about a randomized Runge-Kutta scheme for stiff ODEs. The second paper is on a domain decomposition method for parabolic SPDEs.In the first paper, we show that a two-stage singly diagonally implicit Runge-Kut

Magnetic fields are a key factor in the evolution of planets and their atmospheres, but they are still poorly constrained for exoplanets owing to limited direct observations. Ultra-hot Jupiters provide a new avenue to probe magnetic effects, as the circulation of their highly ionized atmospheres could be directly sensitive to the atmospheric magnetic field. However, it remains unclear whether the

We have compared the performance of 64 different computational methods, based on combined quantum mechanical (QM) and molecular mechanical (QM/MM) or QM-cluster calculations in a continuum solvent, to estimate the acid constant (pKa) of metal-bound ligands in proteins. As a calibration set, we use 12 experimental pKa values from six different proteins that involve Zn2+, Fe3+, or Fe4+. We employ tw

Organisationer med dess ledare intresserar sig i allt större utsträckning för att ha anställda som har en balans i sin arbets- och livssituation. Ett sätt att hjälpa och stötta individen med att hitta harmoni mellan arbete och fritid är att erbjuda så kallad karriärplanering. Det traditionella sättet att jobba med karriärplanering, det vill säga individen ansikte mot ansikte med en samtalspartner,

Combined quantum mechanics and molecular mechanics (QM/MM) calculations are a popular approach to study reaction mechanisms of enzymes. However, recently, the reproducibility of such calculations has been questioned, comparing the results of two software: NWChem and Q-Chem. Here, we continue and extend this study by including three additional software─ComQum, ORCA, and AMBER─using the same test ca

This paper presents a method for mathematical modelling of surfaces conditioned on empirical data. It is based on solving a discrete biharmonic equation over a domain with given inner point and inner curve data. The inner curve data is used to model boundary values while the inner point data is used for modeling a load vector with the goal to generate a smooth surface. The construction of boun

Context. According to the well-established hierarchical framework for galaxy evolution, galaxies grow through mergers with other galaxies. The ΛCDM cosmological model predicts that the stellar halos of massive galaxies are rich in remnants resulting from minor mergers. Stellar Streams Legacy Survey (SSLS) has provided a first release of a catalogue with a statistically significant sample of stella

New extragalactic measurements of the cloud population-averaged star formation efficiency per free-fall time, Ïμff, from PHANGS show little sign of a theoretically predicted dependence on the gas virial level and weak variation with cloud-scale gas velocity dispersion. We explore ways to bring theory into consistency with the observations, particularly by highlighting systematic variations in inte

Probed language-based assessments, where individuals describe their states using open-ended responses analyzed with Artificial Intelligence, have shown great promise for written language. But emotions are also conveyed through spoken language which might provide further assessment power to this method. Participants (N=645) were randomly assigned to watch a video clip of a church, shopping mall, or

This study evaluated the psychometric properties of the Swedish version of the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function – Second Edition (BRIEF2) across self-, parent-, and teacher-report forms in a gender- and age-balanced community sample of Swedish youth. We examined factor structure, internal consistency, inter-rater reliability, measurement invariance, and age- and gender-related diffe

In order to understand and manipulate biological function at the molecular level, access to high-resolution structures of biological macromolecules is essential, as structure is intimately linked to function. The two main experimental techniques that can achieve atomic, or near-atomic, resolution are crystallography and electron microscopy. Unfortunately, the experimental data alone is typically n