Filetype
Comparative genomic analysis often involves visualization of alignments of genomic loci. While several software tools are available for this task, ranging from Python and R libraries to stand-alone graphical user interfaces, a tool is lacking that offers fast, automated usage and the production of publication-ready vector images. Here we present LoVis4u, a command-line tool and Python API designed
How mergers affect galaxy formation depends on both feedback processes, and on the geometry and strength of the mergers themselves. We introduce the PARADIGM project, where we study the response of a simulated Milky-Way-mass galaxy (M200c ∼ 1012 M at z = 0) forming in a cosmological setting to differing merger histories, using genetically modified initial conditions, each simulated with the VINTER
We have calculated redox potentials of 12 blue copper protein sites comparing 64 computational methods, systematically varying the quantum mechanics (QM) system size, dielectric constants, density functional, and basis sets. All methods were based on structures optimized with combined QM and molecular mechanics (QM/MM) approaches. The redox potentials were evaluated using 10 quality metrics. The b
Developing an efficient code for large, multiscale astrophysical simulations is crucial in preparing for the upcoming era of exascale computing. RAMSES is an astrophysical simulation code that employs parallel processing based on the message-passing interface (MPI). However, it has limitations in computational and memory efficiency when using a large number of CPU cores. The problem stems from ine
Context. The peculiar Galactic globular cluster ω Centauri (NGC 5139) has drawn attention for its unique features, such as an unusually high stellar mass compared to other Galactic globular clusters and a broad distribution of chemical elements. These features have led to the hypothesis that ω Centauri might be the nuclear remnant of an ancient dwarf galaxy accreted by the Milky Way, potentially b
We carried out the first high-resolution transit observations of the exoplanet WASP-49 Ab with Keck/HIRES. Upon custom wavelength calibration we achieve a Doppler RV precision of < 60 m s−1. . This is an improvement in RV stability of roughly 240 m s−1 with respect to the instrument standard. We report an average sodium flux residual of (Formula presented) per cent t (8.0σ) comparable to previous
Context. The bar pattern speed of the LMC has been computed based on data from Gaia DR3 using three different methods. One method suggested that the LMC might be hosting a bar that barely rotates, and is slightly counter-rotating with respect to the disc of the LMC, with a pattern speed of Ωp = −1.0 ± 0.5 km s−1 kpc−1. Aims. We aim to confirm that tidal interactions might prevent the bar hosted by
Density functional theory (DFT) thermochemistry of 3d transition-metal complexes is well-known to be sensitive to the amount of exact Hartree-Fock exchange incorporated into the exchange-correlation functional. For example, relative energies of different protonation states of iron-sulfur complexes may vary by hundreds of kJ/mol among different DFT methods. In the present study, we examine the rela
Context. The coupling between the dark matter (DM) halo and the stellar disc is a key factor in galactic evolution. While the interaction between structures like the Galactic bar and DM halos has been explored (e.g. slowing down of the bar due to dynamical friction), the effect of spiral arms on the DM halo distribution has received limited attention. Aims. We aim to detect and characterize the in
Phase field crystal (PFC) modeling is employed to investigate the migration dynamics of FCC and BCC symmetric tilt grain boundaries (GBs) under an applied artificial driving pressure. The evolution of GB position, velocity, mobility, structure and energy is tracked to explore the interdependencies of these quantities. The use of PFC permits simulations with atom scale spatial resolution over exten
The way in which the large-scale cosmic environment affects galactic properties is not yet understood. Dark matter haloes, which embed galaxies, initially evolve following linear theory. Their subsequent evolution is driven by non-linear structure formation in the halo region and in its outer environment. In this work, we present the first study where we explicitly control the linear part of the e
Nuclear star clusters (NSCs) are among the densest stellar systems in the Universe and are found at the centres of many spiral and elliptical galaxies, and up to 40 percent of dwarf galaxies. However, their formation mechanisms, and possible links to globular clusters (GCs), remain debated. This paper uses cosmological simulations of dwarf galaxies at a spatial resolution of pc to present a new fo
Ultra-hot Jupiters, an extreme class of planets not found in our Solar System, provide a unique window into atmospheric processes. The extreme temperature contrasts between their day and night sides pose a fundamental climate puzzle: how is energy distributed? To address this, we must observe the three-dimensional structure of these atmospheres, particularly their vertical circulation patterns tha
The Wide Field Camera 3 (WFC3) instrument on the Hubble Space Telescope has provided an abundance of exoplanet spectra over the years. These spectra have enabled analysis studies using atmospheric retrievals to constrain the properties of these objects. However, follow-up observations from the JWST have called into question some of the results from these older datasets, and highlighted the need to
The catalytic activity of the binuclear glyoxalase II (GlxII) enzyme is closely linked to the type and charge of metal ions in its active site. Using hybrid quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics (QM/MM) calculations, we investigated the reaction mechanism of human GlxII, which features two Zn(ii) ions in its active site. By systematically replacing these Zn(ii) ions with Fe(ii), Fe(iii), or Co(ii)
Lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases (LPMOs) are copper enzymes that boost the degradation of different polysaccharides and play important roles in the sustainable production of biofuels, in human and plant pathogens, and potentially also in plastic degradation. Their activity depends on a co-substrate, where recent results show that hydrogen peroxide is the preferred co-substrate. Under typical ex
4MOST is a new high-multiplex, wide-field spectroscopic survey facility under construction for ESO's 4m-VISTA telescope at Paranal, Chile. Its key specifications are: a large field of view of 4.4 square degrees, a high multiplex fibre positioner based on the tilting spine principle that positions 2436 science fibres in the focal surface of which 1624 fibres go to two low-resolution optical spectro
Motivated by the need for realistic, dynamically self-consistent, evolving galaxy models that avoid the complexity of full, and zoom-in, cosmological simulations, we have developed Nexus, an integral framework to create and evolve synthetic galaxies made of collisionless and gaseous components. Nexus leverages the power of publicly available, tried-and-tested packages: the stellar-dynamics, action
We use high-resolution (35pc) hydrodynamical simulations of galaxy formation to investigate the relation between gas accretion and star formation in galaxies hosted by dark matter haloes of mass at. At high-redshift, cold-Accreted gas is expected to be readily available for star formation, while gas accreted in a hot mode is expected to require a longer time to cool down before being able to form
The present paper deals with the acquisition of gender in Italian and French by monolingual and bilingual children. In our study, which is based on the data of five children, we focus on the gender marking on articles, because gender is most frequently marked on these elements. We claim that the Italian gender system is easier to acquire than the French gender system. This is because the formal pr
