Filetype
Because of the extreme ecological and environmental changes along an urban-rural gradient, it has been proposed that urbanised and non-urbanised populations of the same species may be distinctly isolated. There is evidence that urban populations have become significantly different from the original forest populations in several aspects. However, little is known about the extent to which urban and
This article is based upon "The management of diabetic foot osteomyelitis - a progress report on diagnosing and a consensus on treating osteomyelitis". The principle of treatment is to administer antibiotics while providing a local environment in which the medication can work. This typically involves the removal of dead, soft tissue and accessible dead bone during the wound care process. These int
The cytotoxicity and photocytotoxicity of trans-[RuCl2(DMSO)4] and cis-[RuCl2(DMSO)4] complexes was tested in two melanoma cell lines, human (SK-MEL 188) and mouse (S91). The trans isomer was found to be more effective for cell growth inhibition than its cis analogue both in the presence and in the absence of illumination. However, the antiproliferative activity of both isomers was significantly e
We study analytically the tracer particle mobility in single-file systems with distributed friction constants. Our system serves as a prototype for nonequilibrium, heterogeneous, strongly interacting Brownian systems. The long time dynamics for such a single-file setup belongs to the same universality class as the Rouse model with dissimilar beads. The friction constants are drawn from a density r
Nogo-A is a transmembrane protein originally discovered in myelin, produced by postnatal central nervous system (CNS) oligodendrocytes. Nogo-A induces growth cone collapse and inhibition of axonal growth in the injured adult CNS. In the intact CNS, Nogo-A functions as a negative regulator of growth and plasticity. Nogo-A is also expressed by certain neurons. Neuronal Nogo-A depresses long-term pot
Knee joints of non-immunized rabbits were repeatedly injected with bovine serum albumin (BSA) and preformed BSA-anti-BSA immune complexes which had differing precipitation profiles and abilities to activate complement. Ten days after the last of six injections the antibody and lymphoproliferative responses to BSA were analysed and correlated to the degree of arthritis. Joint swelling, increased nu
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of absent CD40-CD40 ligand interactions in patients with X-linked hyper-IgM syndrome (XHIGM) on the generation of Th1 and Th2 immunity. Whole blood from patients and sex- and age-matched controls was stimulated with phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) and calcium ionophore A23187 in the presence of Brefeldin A. After 5 h, cellular production of inter
Endosymbiotic bacteria of aphids, Buchnera aphidicola, and tsetse flies, Wigglesworthia glossinidia, are descendents of free-living gamma-Proteobacteria. The acceleration of sequence evolution in the endosymbiont genomes is here estimated from a phylogenomic analysis of the gamma-Proteobacteria. The tree topologies associated with the most highly conserved genes suggest that the endosymbionts form
If exercise is to be recommended during growth, benefits in bone mineral density (BMD) must be maintained in old age and shown to prevent fractures. Our cross-sectional study of soccer players suggests that a high BMD is no longer recorded after retirement and fracture frequency is no less than predicted in old age.
Some pathogens have evolved to produce proteins, called B-cell superantigens, that can interact with human immunoglobulin variable regions, independently of the combining site, and activate B lymphocytes that express the target immunoglobulins. However, the in vivo consequences of these interactions on human B-cell numbers and function are largely unknown. Using transgenic mice expressing fully hu
Solvation forces between large surfaces in athermal polymer solutions, in which both solvent particles and polymers are adsorbed at the surfaces, are studied with density functional theory. We investigate how the range of the surface potential affects the net interaction between the surfaces. Predictions from treatments in which the solvent is explicitly induced are compared with those obtained wi
A rapid protocol was developed for constructing plasmid libraries from small quantities of genomic/metagenomic DNA. The technique utilizes linker amplification with topoisomerase cloning and allows for inducible transcription in Escherichia coli. As proof of principle, several anti-Bacillus lysins were cloned from bacteriophage genomes and an aerolysin was cloned from a metagenomic sample.
We studied CSF-tau and CSF-Abeta42 in 16 patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) who at follow-up investigations 6-27 months later had progressed to Alzheimer's disease (AD) with dementia. For comparison, we studied 15 age-matched healthy individuals. At baseline, 14/16 (88%) of MCI patients had high CSF-tau and/or low CSF-Abeta42 levels. These findings show that these CSF-markers are abnorm
Inter-alpha-inhibitor (IalphaI) is a 180-kDa serum protein consisting of three polypeptides. Two of these, the heavy chains 1 and 2 (H1 and H2), are of 75-80 kDa and have similar amino acid sequences. The third polypeptide, bikunin, has a molecular mass of 25 kDa and contains a 7-kDa chondroitin sulfate chain that is covalently linked to the C-terminal amino acid residues of H1 and H2. IalphaI has
