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Information about forest background reflectance is needed for accurate biophysical parameter retrieval from forest canopies (overstory) with remote sensing. Separating under- and overstory signals would enable more accurate modeling of forest carbon and energy fluxes. We retrieved values of the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) of the forest understory with the multi-angular Moderate R

Background: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma has the lowest survival rate among all major cancers and is the third leading cause of cancer-related mortality. The stagnant survival statistics and dismal response rates to current therapeutics highlight the need for more efficient preclinical models. Patient-derived organoids (PDOs) offer new possibilities as powerful preclinical models able to accou

To avoid harm to the public and the environment, lost ionizing radiation sources must be found and brought back under the regulatory control as soon as possible. Usually, mobile gamma spectrometry systems are used in such search missions. It is possible to estimate the position and activity of point gamma sources by performing Bayesian inference on the measurement data. The aim of this study was t

This paper describes an original numerical prediction technique developed for the analysis of coupled vibro-acoustic problems in fluid waveguides. Specifically it is is a wave-based method. Unlike the conventional element-based methods, this technique uses wave functions that satisfy the governing equations to describe the dynamic variables exactly. One advantage is that fine domain discretization

Since the dawn of its existence, and at times thanks to ambitious interventions, Venice and its lagoon have needed to be constantly protected from the various ways in which water has reclaimed its existence. This article asserts that the ways in which Venice approached the watery world imply a tendency to relate to the natural environment as if it was something humans ought to separate themselves

We present a new analog-to-digital converter (ADC)-based architecture of a phase-tracking receiver (PT-RX) optimized for ultra-low-power (ULP) and ultra-low-voltage (ULV) operations for the Internet of Things (IoT). The RX employs a type-II loop configuration that offers improved stability compared with the previous type-I PT-RX solutions. In addition, the type-II loop is also very tolerant of lon

Objectives: To assess whether vessel morphology depicted by three-dimensional (3D) power Doppler ultrasound improves discrimination between benignity and malignancy if used as a second-stage test in adnexal masses that are difficult to classify. Methods: This was a prospective observational international multicenter diagnostic accuracy study. Consecutive patients with an adnexal mass underwent sta

The US has experienced a substantial decline in social trust in recent decades. Surprisingly few studies analyze whether individual-level explanations can account for this decrease. We use three-wave panel data from the General Social Survey (2006–2014) to study the effects of four possible individual-level sources of changes in social trust: job loss, social ties, income, and confidence in politi

OBJECTIVE: We investigated the processes underlying glycemic deterioration in type 2 diabetes (T2D). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: A total of 732 recently diagnosed patients with T2D from the Innovative Medicines Initiative Diabetes Research on Patient Stratification (IMI DIRECT) study were extensively phenotyped over 3 years, including measures of insulin sensitivity (OGIS), β-cell glucose sensiti

Climate change is increasingly acknowledged as a threat to states and societies, and several international organizations are now seeking to respond to climate-related security risks. The EU’s comprehensive approach to security suggests that the Union is particularly well-suited to respond to such risks, but the EU has not yet developed a coherent policy. This article addresses the gap between disc

In the report we analyse the concept of capability and compare it to relatedconcepts such as resilience. With starting point in a sociotechnical systemperspective as well as existing research on capability and vulnerability wedevelop an analytical framework that could be used to study the capability indifferent energy systems. We suggest that capability could be seen as composedof five “building b

Under 2014 har det skett ett antal stora förändringar inom EU. Vissa är av mergenerell betydelse, såsom en ny sammansättning i Europaparlamentet ellertillsättningen av nya kommissionärer, medan andra reformer är av mer strukturellkaraktär i syfte att stärka EU:s ställning inom olika politikområden, däriblandEU:s strukturer för civil krishantering. Syftet med denna studie är dels attbeskriva dessa

Att tala om energipolitik är ingen helt enkel uppgift. Beroende på vilkadimensioner av energifrågan som sätts i fokus kan diskussionerna handla omsåväl tillväxtpolitik, miljömål, tekniska innovationer – och säkerhet. För attnärma sig begreppet energisäkerhet krävs en förståelse av å ena sidanenergisystemet, vad det är som ska säkras, och å andra sidan säkerhetspolitik,vilka strategier som fungerar

The impacts of climate change will not be evenly spread around the globe. Instead, several studies point to some specific regions that are argued to be particularly vulnerable or prone to climate change-related conflict (‘hotspots’) The overarching aim of this report is to describe these regions and to look at the underlying methodology used by those studies when identifying the regional ‘hotspots

The focal and progressive degeneration of dopaminergic (DA) neurons in ventral midbrain has made Parkinson's disease (PD) a particularly interesting target of cell-based therapies. However, ethical issues and limited tissue availability have so far hindered the widespread use of human fetal tissue in cell-replacement therapy. DA neurons derived from human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) offer unpre