Objective: Antimicrobial resistance is a growing worldwide problem and is considered to be one of the biggest threats to global health by the World Health Organization. Insights into the determinants of antibiotic prescribing may be gained by comparing the antibiotic usage patterns of Australia and Sweden. Design: Publicly available data on dispensed use of antibiotics in Australia and Sweden betw

Background: Unresectable disease is sometimes diagnosed during surgery in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). This study aimed to identify preoperative risk factors for metastatic disease diagnosed at surgical exploration and to investigate and compare survival in resected and non-resected patients. Methods: Patients were identified from the Swedish National Pancreatic and Peria

Background: Evidence concerning the reduction of postoperative complications due to smoking and alcohol drinking in patients undergoing radical cystectomy is incomplete. Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of a 6-wk smoking and/or alcohol cessation intervention, initiated shortly before surgery and continued until 4 wk after, in reducing complications. Design, setting, and participants: Between 20

Simultaneous Digital Breast Tomosynthesis (DBT) and mechanical imaging (MI), called DBTMI, is a novel breast imaging method aimed at improving sensitivity and specificity of breast cancer screening. DBTMI combines improved cancer detection by three-dimensional DBT imaging, with the analysis of local stress over the compressed breast by MI, which can reduce false positive findings. The MI signal is

Aim: To describe eating and drinking ability in adults with cerebral palsy (CP) relative to sex, age, subtype, and severity of gross motor and hand function and nutritional status. Method: This was a cross-sectional study based on data of 2035 adults with CP, median age 26 years (range 18–78 years). The Eating and Drinking Ability Classification System (EDACS), Gross Motor Function Classification

We conducted a phase I-IIa, randomized, monocentric, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial to evaluate the safety and impact of the combination treatment of Itolizumab and insulin on preserving beta cell function in adults with recent-onset type 1 diabetes. Twelve patients were randomly assigned to three treatment groups, each receiving a different Itolizumab dose (0.4/0.8/1.6 mg/kg body

Postural instability in Parkinson’s disease (PD) is associated with several downstream consequences that ultimately lead to a greater risk of falling. Among the prominent downstream consequences is fear of falling (FOF), which is both common and problematic in PD. It can lead to a vicious cycle of FOF avoidance behavior that results in more sedentary behavior, physical deconditioning, and weakenin

INTRODUCTION: Prevalence of endometriosis is commonly reported based on surgery findings and varies widely depending on study population and indication for surgery. Symptoms such as dysmenorrhea, pelvic pain, dyspareunia, dysuria, and dyschezia can be associated with endometriosis and adenomyosis. Transvaginal ultrasound examination is proposed to be the first-line diagnostic method, nevertheless

Setting off from a familiar distinction in the philosophy of properties, this paper introduces a tripartite distinction between sparse causation, abundant causation and mere abundant causation (instances of the latter forming a sub-class of abundant causation). It is argued that the contrast between sparse and mere abundant causation allows us to resolve notorious philosophical issues having to do

Residual stresses in metal additive manufactured components are a well-known problem. It causes distortion of the samples when removing them from the build plate, as well as acting detrimental with regard to fatigue. The understanding of how residual stresses in a printed sample are affected by process parameters is crucial to allow manufacturers to tune their process parameters, or the design of

Inadequate molecular and clinical stratification of the patients with high-risk diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is a clinical challenge hampering the establishment of personalized therapeutic options. We studied the translational significance of liquid biopsy in a uniformly treated trial cohort. Pretreatment circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) revealed hidden clinical and biological heterogeneity,

Aim: The metabolite 3-carboxy-4-methyl-5-propyl-2-furanpropionic acid (CMPF) is a fatty fish–intake biomarker. We investigated the association between plasma levels of CMPF in relation to gingival inflammation and periodontitis case definition, as well as the extent and severity variables. Materials and Methods: The Malmö Offspring Study is a population-based study, and the Malmö Offspring Dental

We determine the composition dependence of the transverse and longitudinal optical infrared-active phonon modes in rhombohedral α-(AlxGa1-x)2O3 alloys by far-infrared and infrared generalized spectroscopic ellipsometry. Single-crystalline high quality undoped thin-films grown on m-plane oriented α-Al2O3 substrates with x = 0.18, 0.37, and 0.54 were investigated. A single mode behavior is observed

Pertrochanteric fractures (TF) due to osteoporosis constitute nearly half of all proximal femur fractures. TFs are treated with a surgical approach and fracture fixation is achieved using metallic fixation devices. Poor quality cancellous bone in osteoporotic patients makes anchorage of a fixation device challenging, which can lead to failure of the fracture fixation. Methods to reinforce the bone

We report on terahertz (THz) electron paramagnetic resonance generalized spectroscopic ellipsometry (THz-EPR-GSE). Measurements of field and frequency dependencies of magnetic response due to spin transitions associated with nitrogen defects in 4H-SiC are shown as an example. THz-EPR-GSE dispenses with the need of a cavity, permits independently scanning field and frequency parameters, and does no

Wine particle matter is mainly constituted by wine colloids and wine macromolecules. These wine colloidal and macromolecular compounds are barely studied, possibly due to the difficulty in facing the challenges that their study merits. These compounds are mainly formed by polyphenols, proteins and polysaccharides that come from the grape seeds, skins and pulp and even, to a lesser extent, from the

We determine the anisotropic dielectric functions of rhombohedral α-Ga2O3 by far-infrared and infrared generalized spectroscopic ellipsometry and derive all transverse optical and longitudinal optical phonon mode frequencies and broadening parameters. We also determine the high-frequency and static dielectric constants. We perform density functional theory computations and determine the phonon dis

The dielectric function of Ge measured with static and time-resolved spectroscopic ellipsometry is analyzed using linear filtering techniques to investigate the temperature dependence of the direct band gap, as well as the temporal evolvement of critical points obtained from femtosecond pumpprobe ellipsometry measurements.

The full transient dielectric-function (DF) tensor of ZnO after UV-laser excitation in the spectral range 1.4-3.6 eV is obtained by measuring an m-plane-oriented ZnO thin film with femtosecond (fs)-time-resolved spectroscopic ellipsometry. From the merits of the method, we can distinguish between changes in the real and the imaginary part of the DF as well as changes in birefringence and dichroism