PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Adaptive immune responses have been shown to play an important role in the atherosclerotic disease process and both pathogenic and protective immunity has been identified. Apolipoprotein (apo) B100 appears to be a key antigen and novel therapies modulating immune responses against apo B100 have shown promising results in experimental models. This review will discuss recent deve

The need to make consumption patterns more sustainable is widely acknowledged, yet effective policies for sustainable consumption are lacking. This article examines Nordic policy makers' views on why sustainable consumption research is difficult to apply in policy practice. We draw on the knowledge brokering literature to outline how the challenges of knowledge utilization in policy are connected

Current developments in genetics and genomics entail a number of changes and challenges for society as new knowledge and technology become common in the clinical setting and in society at large. The relationship between genetics and ethics has been much discussed during the last decade, while the relationship between genetics and the political arena-with terms such as rights, distribution, experti

The CD24 glycoprotein is a mediator of neuronal proliferation, differentiation and immune suppression in the normal CNS, and a proposed cancer biomarker in multiple peripheral tumor types. We performed a comparative analysis of CD24 gene expression in a large cohort of pediatric and adult brain tumors (n = 813), and further characterized protein expression in tissue sections (n = 39), primary brai

Single-beam side-scan sonar elements, to be fitted on a miniaturized submersible, are here simulated, manufactured, and evaluated. Finite element analysis simulations are compared with measurements, and an overall observation is that the agreement between simulations and measurements deviates from the measured values of 1.5 to 2 degrees, for the narrow lobe angle, by less than 10% for most models.

Most previous genetic epidemiology studies within the field of osteoporosis have focused on the genetics of the complex trait areal bone mineral density (aBMD), not being able to differentiate genetic determinants of cortical volumetric BMD (vBMD), trabecular vBMD, and bone microstructural traits. The objective of this study was to separately identify genetic determinants of these bone traits as a

Deoxyribonucleoside kinases phosphorylate deoxyribonucleosides into the corresponding 5'-monophosphate deoxyribonucleosides to supply the cell with nucleic acid precursors. In mitochondrial fractions of the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana, we detected deoxyadenosine and thymidine kinase activities, while the cytosol fraction contained six-fold lower activity and chloroplasts contained no measurab

Through the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) of the Kyoto Protocol, a developed country actor with a binding emission reduction target can use emission reductions from a project implemented in a developing country to meet this target. At the same time, CDM projects are meant to contribute to sustainable development in the host country, as defined by this country. The CDM is often taken to illustr

Leptin and nitric oxide (NO) are both important messengers in intra- and intercellular communication systems in vertebrates. Several studies have demonstrated an involvement of both substances in the immune response. Here we tested the effects of chronic leptin and anti-leptin treatments on the NO production and phytohaemagglutinin- (PHA) induced cutaneous inflammatory response in a wild passerine

A revision of paradoxidid trilobites reveals that previous identifications of specimens from Sardinia and Spain as the Nordic trilobite species Paradoxides brachyrhachis Linnarsson, 1883, are mistaken. The southern species, occurring also in France, is here referred to Eccaparadoxides mediterraneus (Pompeckj, 1901). Main differences are seen in the preocular field, pleural furrow and pygidium. The

BACKGROUND: Suffering a myocardial infarction (MI) is a life-threatening event that impacts not only on the individual concerned but also on the next of kin. However, there seems to be a paucity of naturalistic inquiries that focus specifically on midlife next of kin and their experience of being close to a relative who has suffered an MI. This study aims to elucidate the experience of being a mid

The epithelial compartment of the breast contains two lineages, the luminal- and the myoepithelial cells. D492 is a breast epithelial cell line with stem cell properties that forms branching epithelial structures in 3D culture with both luminal- and myoepithelial differentiation. We have recently shown that D492 undergo epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) when co-cultured with endothelial c

A search for the Higgs boson has been performed in the H -> WW(*()) -> l+vl-(v) over bar channel (l = e/mu) with an integrated luminosity of 2.05 fb(-1) of pp collisions at root s = 7 TeV collected with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider. No significant excess of events over the expected background is observed and limits on the Higgs boson production cross section are derived for a Hi

Precision medicine utilizes genomic and other data to optimize and personalize treatment. Although more than 2,500 genetic tests are currently available, largely for extreme and/or rare phenotypes, the question remains whether this approach can be used for the treatment of common, complex conditions like obesity, inflammation, and insulin resistance, which underlie a host of metabolic diseases.

Background. Comatose survivors after cardiac arrest are treated with mild induced hypothermia and potent platelet- inhibiting drugs after coronary stenting. Previous studies have shown an increased incidence of stent thrombosis during clopidogrel and aspirin treatment in conjunction with induced hypothermia. The aim of this study was to investigate the in vitro effect of induced hypo- and hyperthe