Filetype
The BCJR algorithm is an important method of channel decoding. We extend it here to rate-distortion encoding. The arguments begin from source coding principles and make no use of channel coding or soft output ideas. An important role is played by codeword ensembles with equiprobable reproducer letters. The BCJR method is demonstrated by tests of a tailbiting BCJR with the Gaussian source. The outc
Abstract in Undetermined A systematic design approach for All Digital Phase Locked Loops (ADPLL) is presented. The whole system excluding Digitally Controlled Oscillator (DCO) and the Time to Digital Converter (TDC) can be synthesized easily in digital design flow. By using standard digital cells, no custom digital cells are needed. All the key problems in synthesis are solved well. The ADPLL is i
We perform a slight generalization of the Bjerksund and Stensland (2011) spread option valuation formula to cover three-asset spread options. We investigate the pricing performance of the model against the corresponding version of the Kirk formula and the true price calculated with Monte Carlo methods. The numerical setting of the evaluation is designed to mimic a real market situation in the Germ
Risk management is an important process and risk identification is an important part of this process, especially in development of medical software. This paper presents an experiment where physicians, developers and software developers for medical devices are asked to identify risk in a given scenario describing the procurement of a patient monitoring system. It is concluded that multiple roles an
The multidrug regimen, cyclosporine, corticosteroids, and azathioprine, is used in transplantation centres to prevent organ rejection. Several clinical studies have shown that cyclosporine and corticosteroids to cause increases in low density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol, with subsequent development of atherosclerosis. The overall objective of the studies upon which this thesis is based was to in
The primary route to hydrogen production from fossil fuels involves the water-gas shift (WGS) reaction, and an improvement in the efficiency of WGS catalysts could therefore lead to a major leap forward in the realization of hydrogen economy. On the basis of a combination of high-resolution scanning tunneling microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and density functional theory (DFT) calcula
Den typ av krisbegrepp som detta kapitel utgår ifrån är processuell; denna betonar den allmänna karaktären av situationer, men utan hänsyn till specifika kriser. Den allmänna situation som analyseras handlar om den svenska välfärdsstaten som mytbildning (ca 1945–1960): Vilka medel krävs för att skapa ett bättre fungerande samhälle, och utgör dessa medel ett hinder snarare än en möjlighet för den e
Popular Abstract in Swedish Den svenska grundskolan har under de senaste åren genomgått och genomgår fortfarande en stark utveckling inom ramen för den allmänna decentraliseringen i samhället. Beslut och ansvar läggs allt längre ner i organisationen. De krav som ställdes på en skolledare tillbaka i tiden var i första hand att han skulle vara administratör och den som bevakade att skolans verk-samThe issues of the study are: How do the assistant principals face the work as school leaders? Which demands of competence do the new school leaders face? Which needs of competence development exist for new school leaders? In the school studied the organization of the management was changed from one principal and one director of studies to one principal and six assistant principals. All of these we
