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Differentiating between abusive and accidental skin lesions in children presents significant challenges. Previous studies of skin lesion patterns have mainly focused on bruises in younger children. In this study, we compare the number, location, and distribution of recent (bruises and abrasions) and older (scars) skin lesions between police-reported cases of physical violence and controls of simil
BACKGROUND: Child abuse continues to pose a significant threat to children's health. The repercussions of abuse are profound, impacting the child's physical, social, and emotional well-being, with potential long-term effects that may extend into adulthood. To assist in identifying health concerns in children associated with exposure to physical abuse, a health questionnaire was developed to be use
BACKGROUND: Atrial fibrillation (AF) often complicates ST-segment–elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), but data on AF recurrence after first-ever AF during STEMI are scarce. We aimed at assessing the risk of AF recurrence after first-ever transient AF during admission for STEMI. METHODS: We performed a single-center, register-based cohort study. Patients with STEMI discharged alive after prima
Claims to 'crisis' reverberate across societal and academic discourses, as people around the world face dire situations and detrimental challenges. Yet, the study of crisis tends to remain siloed and therefore oblivious to the multi-dimensional nature of crisis, which inhibits learning from one type of crisis to the next. Bringing together a broad team of contributors, this book argues for a new i
Consumption of ultra-processed food is associated with increased caloric intake and impaired health. Here, we conducted a nutrition trial (NCT05368194) with controlled, 2 × 2 crossover design and tested whether ultra-processed food impairs reproductive and metabolic fitness, with further aggravation by excess caloric intake. Comparing the response from an unprocessed to ultra-processed diet identi
Since the introduction of X-ray holotomography in projection geometry, this modality has proven to be highly effective for practical applications in the 100 nm spatial resolution range. However, one of the main obstacles to its implementation is the difficulty of producing a small focal spot, which determines the resolution of the projection microscope. To address this challenge, we present a simp
Sports-related concussions (SRCs) typically occur when the brain is hyperthermic. Acute head-and-neck cooling should, therefore, reduce the brain's metabolic demands, with the potential to improve recovery following an SRC. Elite ice hockey players who underwent head-and-neck cooling after sustaining a concussion (SRC) showed reduced return-to-play times, although further investigation is warrante
Giving children with disabilities opportunities to explore how to use a powered mobility device is important for their development and learning. Encouraging and supporting exploration of how to set a device in motion and how to use it, has to be performed in harmony with each child and their abilities, needs and motivation. The experience of self-produced movement gives bodily feelings when action
Although rising inequality in sub-Saharan Africa has revived debates on the distributional effects of government tax and expenditure policies, there are relatively few long-term empirical studies on this issue. This chapter examines how government fiscal policies—both taxation and public spending—have evolved and shaped inequality trends in colonial and postcolonial Ghana. It finds that fiscal pol
Importance: Persistent disparities in mortality across countries suggest uneven improvements in living standards and access to life-extending health technologies, as well as context-specific obstacles. Studies have analyzed cross-country inequality in mortality but have not widely contextualized those disparities in terms of developmental progress relative to a frontier representing a level of mor
BACKGROUND: The malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum holds an extensive genetic polymorphism. In this pooled analysis, we investigate how the multiplicity in asymptomatic P. falciparum infections-that is, the number of coinfecting clones-affects the subsequent risk of clinical malaria in populations living under different levels of transmission.METHODS: A systematic search of the literature was
Recent studies have challenged earlier narratives of Africa as historically stagnant and impoverished, instead revealing patterns of booms and busts. While this has advanced understanding of long-term growth, significant gaps remain in our knowledge of historical poverty, especially among self-employed rural populations. This chapter uses published social tables to examine rural poverty in six Afr
The thermal regime is a key indicator of permafrost evolution and thaw trajectories in response to climate change but remains poorly represented in global models. In this study, we applied the Moving-Grid Permafrost Model (MGPM), an efficient numerical model, to simulate the permafrost thermal regime in West Kunlun (WKL), a 55 669 km2 region on the remote northwestern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau charact
Learning objectives: Describe the 3 stages of exploration and the 8 phases in the learning processCompare and contrast process-based and task-based assessmentEvaluate applicability of the presented knowledge in your professional practice Session description: Activity-based focus for practice in a power mobility device suggests integration of learning device-use in other activities aligning with th
Dr Lisbeth NilssonLearning objectives:1. Describe at least three essential aspects of the facilitating approach.2. Explain why these aspects can facilitate optimal outcomes of intervention.3. Evaluate usefulness of the universal facilitating approach in your own practice.Session description:The process of learning joystick-use and training strategies for each phase in the process were identified i
Transfecting clonal beta cells with large DNA plasmids holds significant promise for diabetes research. Existing transfection techniques like lipofection, viral transduction, and bulk electroporation often face limitations such as low efficiency and cytotoxicity. Nanoelectroporation, which utilizes nanopores or nanostraws and the application of mild electrical pulses, offers a gentle and safe alte
Rationally designing and fabricating high-performance core–shell nanostructures for catalytic organic synthesis is significant yet challenging. Here, we report a solvothermal/calcination strategy to prepare novel core–shell iron–aluminum oxide (FeAlOx) nanosphere-based nanoreactors incorporating active heterometals (AHM = Pd, Cu, or Mn). Leveraging the synergistic benefits of their unique core–she
Dr Lisbeth NilssonLearning objectives:1. Discover how and why technology can enable non-mobile infants and children in developing tool-use and participation with the world.2. Explain how and why experiences of self-produced movement in a powered device can impact on very young infants’ overall development3. Motivate provision of opportunities to explore and experience powered mobility to very youn
