We examined consumption of animal foods, protein and calcium in relation to risk of prostate cancer among 142 251 men in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition. Associations were examined using Cox regression, stratified by recruitment centre and adjusted for height, weight, education, marital status and energy intake. After an average of 8.7 years of follow-up, there wer

Improved expression of recombinant laccase by Pichia pastoris carrying the lcc1 cDNA isolated from Trametes versicolor was achieved by optimization of the cultivation conditions in a fermentor equipped with a methanol sensor system. The results indicated that the activity obtained in fermentor cultivations was at least 7 times higher than in shake-flask cultures. Three different strategies for fer

When experimentally displaced in geomagnetic space, spiny lobsters act as if to make their way home. This is a fascinating case of navigation by an invertebrate using a magnetic map sense.

We give certain condictions to guarantee weak convergence $u_kT_k \rightarrow uT$, where $u_k$, $u$ are plurisubharmonic functions and $T_k$, $T$ are positive closed currents. As applications we obtain that convergence in capacity of plurisubharmonic functions $u_k$ implies weak convergence of the complex Monge-Amp\`ere measures $(dd^cu_k)^n$ if all of the plurisubharmonic functions $u_k$ are boun

In this prospective study, the 10- and 15-year incidence and course of retinopathy were examined in relation to medical risk indicators from 3.1 +/- 1.9 (mean -/+ SD) years diabetes duration and onwards in 29 adult type 1 diabetic patients treated under routine care. A total of 28 patients were followed for 10 years and 20 patients for 15 years diabetes duration. After 10 years diabetes duration,

The default response of the intestinal immune system to most antigens is the induction of immunological tolerance, which is difficult to reconcile with the constant exposure to ligands for TLR and other pattern recognition receptors. We showed previously that dendritic cells (DC) from the lamina propria of normal mouse intestine may be inherently tolerogenic and here we have explored how this migh

Aims: This study looked at whether oral desmopressin, by decreasing kidney urine production, would prolong bladder filling-time thereby increasing the time to reach maximum capacity, thus reducing overactive bladder (OAB) symptoms, and providing an alternative method of treatment to OAB sufferers. Methods: An investigator-initiated, 2-week, multi-national, multi-centre, "proof-of-concept," phase I

Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxin H (SEH) belongs to the staphylococcal enterotoxin (SE) family of superantigens (SAgs). SEH has structural similarities to other SE; however, its biological properties are less well characterized. SEH binds with high affinity to human major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II and exhibits strong mitogenic activity in human T cells, although it was found to be

Gene amplification is one of the mechanisms for oncogene activation in solid tumors. The size of the amplified regions may vary considerably among individual tumors, and more than one gene may be affected within the same amplicon. The main objective in analyzing genomic amplifications has therefore been to map the shortest region involved and to identify genes with increased expression as a result

Gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP) is a 27 amino acid peptide that is present in both the central and peripheral nervous systems and that shares immunological and functional properties with the amphibian peptide, bombesin. GRP has multiple putative biological functions including effects on feeding behaviour and carbohydrate metabolism, body temperature, and effects on hormone release, but little is k

This cross-sectional study aimed at investigating the influence of occupational exposure to static and highly repetitive work involving the neck and shoulder muscles, myalgia of and tender point in the trapezius muscle on biomechanical output, and electromyogram (EMG) variables (mean frequency MNF, signal amplitude and ability to relax) during maximal forward flexions of the shoulder muscles. Grou

Cardiovascular nursing (CVN) is rapidly developing and has accumulated a large amount of evidence to support interventions aimed at reducing suffering and hastening recovery. However, knowledge of the extent and content of CVN training in Sweden is lacking. The aim of this study was therefore to identify and describe CVN in the Swedish RN education as well as in higher education, with reference to

We show that well-defined arrays of self-assembled Ge dots on Si(001) can be grown after pre-patterning the Si surface by means of an electron beam. The electron beam produces C-containing growth masks. The overgrowth of these masks with Si results in pits at the Si surface, in and around which Ge dots nucleate selectively. A manifold of different arrays can be obtained. Almost perfect arrays of q

With the success of cisplatin (cis-diamminedichloroplatinum(II)), strong interest has developed in the application of inorganic metal complexes to the treatment of cancer. Research has focused on platinum( II) complexes with a variety of spectator ligands that provide novel physicochemical properties. In this paper we report a kinetic study of 1', 1'-bis(diphenylphosphino) ferrocenedichloroplatinu

The contribution of nonspecific interactions to the overall interactions of thiol-ssDNA and dsDNA macromolecules with gold nanoparticles was investigated. A systematic investigation utilizing dynamic light scattering and cryogenic transmission electron microscopy has been per-formed to directly measure and visualize the changes in particle size and appearance during functionalization of gold nanop