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Objective:To study the effect to recommend no snacks vs three snacks per day on 1-year weight loss. The hypothesis was that it is easier to control energy intake and lose weight if snacks in between meals are omitted.Subjects/Method:In total 140 patients (36 men, 104 women), aged 18-60 years and body mass index>30 kg/m(2) were randomized and 93 patients (27 men, 66 women) completed the study. A 1-
Background. Increased levels of nitric oxide (NO) and the exudations of plasma proteins to the airway lumen have both been considered characteristics of airway inflammation. The aim of the present study was to investigate a possible relationship between nasal NO concentrations and acutely induced exudative inflammation of the nasal mucosa. Methods: Twelve healthy non-allergic subjects participated
Popular Abstract in Swedish Mängden och kvaliten på avfall förändras när intresset för resurserna i avfallet ökar. Ett omhändertagande av avfall med sortering, återvinning, förbehandling och utnutjande av energi producerar nytt avfall. En del hamnar på deponin. En möjlig följd är att det organiska materialet som deponeras minskar. En annan är att avfallet blir torrare. Framförallt inom EU finns deWhen attention is drawn to the recovery of resources within waste, the amount and types of waste disposed of at landfills change. A waste management system based on separate kerbside collection, sorting, recycling, and pretreatment with material and/or energy recovery produces new residues, which finally end up at landfills. This is the case in, for example, the US and the EU. As a possible result
Popular Abstract in Swedish Glatt muskulatur ingår i flera fysiologiskt viktiga organsystem och är involverade i flera sjukdomsprocesser. Glatt muskelkontraktion regleras av variationer i intracellulärt calcium; höjda nivåer aktiverar kinaset MLCK som fosforylerar myosin och initierar kontraktion. Myosin fosfatas (MLCP) avfosforylerar myosin vilket leder till relaxation. Flera intracellulära signaSmooth muscles are components of several physiologically important organs and often involved in disease. Smooth muscle contraction is regulated by variations in intracellular [Ca2+]; increased levels activate the myosin light chain kinase (MLCK) which phosphorylates myosin and initiates contraction. Myosin phosphatase (MLCP) dephosphorylates myosin and promotes relaxation. Several cellular signali
Popular Abstract in Swedish För en god matematisk beskrivning av oregelbundenheten hos verkliga havsvågor måste ett statistiskt synsätt tillämpas. Med tanke på t.ex. design av konstruktionselement i marin teknik är framför allt kännedom om våghöjdens variation, eller med statistisk terminologi, dess fördelning, högst väsentlig. Insamlade mätdata utgör grunden för en realistisk analys; i kombinatioAn important problem in ocean engineering is to find distributions for characteristic wave parameters. For wind-generated water waves at deep water, a Gaussian distribution for the wave-surface elevation is considered a reasonable model. Within the Gaussian assumption, extensions of Rice's formula can be applied to formulate explicit expressions for the distributions in the ergodic, or Palm, sense
In an engineering treatment of the rotation of a layer or hot gas emerging from under a balcony Morgan and Marshall [l] introduced the concept of a horizontal Equivalent Gaussian Source for the resulting vertical plume. They found it necessary to suppose that in the rotation the entrainment was more than 5 times the amount to be expected using conventional entrainment coefficients for vertical plu
Popular Abstract in Swedish Syftet med denna avhandling har varit att försöka avslöja omständigheter och faktorer som hänger samman med att kvinnor fortsätter respektive slutar att röka och att bidra med kunskaper om vilka rökare som är mest sårbara när det gäller risken för att drabbas av hjärtinfarkt. I den officiella sjuk- och dödsorsaksstatistiken framgår det att risken för hjärtinfarkt minskThe aim of this thesis has been to explore factors associated with smoking and smoking cessation in women and the relation between smoking and incidence of myocardial infarction (MI). The time trends in incidence of MI 1986-2002 in the city of Malmö (pop. 250.000) were explored. It showed declining incidences in men and older women, but not in women below 65 years of age. The high prevalence of s
Popular AbstractVad vet vi egentligen om maten vi äter? Vem producerar den och var kommer den ifrån? Hur vet vi att vi inte blir sjuka av den? Är svenskt kött bättre än annat kött? Varför väljer en del konsumenter att handla mat i gårdsbutiker eller på grönsaksmarknader istället för i butik? Frågorna kring maten är många. Avståndet mellan producent och konsument är idag stort och innan råvaran harThis dissertation takes up the consequences of the transition from a traditional to a modern food system. According to some researchers, the modernization of food production has led to a crisis of confidence in today’s food system and consumers are said to experience alienation, gastro-anomie, and distrust towards food products (see Murcott, Mennell & Van Otterloo 1992; Fischler 1980; 1988). P
Objectives: Scarring caused by trauma, postcancer treatment, or inflammation in the vocal folds is associated with stiffness of the lamina propria and results in severe voice problems. Currently there is no effective treatment. Human embryonic stem cells (hESC) have been recognized as providing a potential resource for cell transplantations, but in the undifferentiated state, they are generally no
Popular Abstract in Swedish Det övergripande syftet med den höär studien är att bidra till ökad förståelse för barns lärande och meningsskapande i skolan när pedagoger försöker överskrida ett mer traditionellt arbetssätt genom att förena estetik och rationalitet i läroprocessen. Avsikten är att beskriva och tolka avd som utspelar sig i samtal mellan barn och pedagoger när barn förväntas lösa probeThe overiding aim of this study is to promote an increace in the knowledge regarding school children´s learning and meaning construction, whereby teachers attempt to exceed traditional ways of learning by combining asthetics and rationality as an integration of the learning process. The aim is to describe and interpret that which occurs in discussions between teachers and the children, when the ch
Ozone is found to exhibit substantial site-selective fragmentation when its fragment ions are collected in coincidence with energy selected electrons. We find a preferential production of the O-2(+)/O+(O+/O+) ion pair upon ionization of the terminal (central) oxygen Is electron. Depending on the hole localization, Auger rates are different towards the various final states of the dication, which wo
The atomic structure of 0.5 monolayer (ML) Co deposited on Pt(110) was investigated by quantitative low-energy electron diffraction and ab initio density functional theory calculations, showing a pronounced inward relaxation and a filling of the missing-row sites of the Pt(110) substrate by Co atoms. Up to this Co coverage no significant intermixing of Pt atoms with Co atoms was observed by scanni
Ovarian masses are common and a good pre-surgical assessment of their nature is important for adequate treatment. Bayesian Multi-Layer Perceptrons (MLPs) using the evidence procedure were used to predict whether tumors are malignant or not. Automatic Relevance Determination (ARD) is used to select the most relevant of the 40+ available variables. Cross-validation is used to select an optimal combi
This study aimed to establish whether the temperature-dependent effect of acidification on maximum force observed in mammalian muscles also applies to frog muscle. Measurements of force, stiffness, and unloaded velocity of shortening in intact single muscle fibers from the anterior tibialis muscle of Rana temporaria were performed between 0 and 22degreesC during fused tetani in H2CO3CO2-buffered R
In this article, we study the n - pi* electronic transition in aqueous microsolvated formaldehyde using the coupled cluster (CC) and coupled cluster/molecular mechanics (CC/MM) methods. The CC models used are the coupled cluster singles and doubles (CCSD) and the coupled cluster second-order approximate singles and doubles (CC2) methods. The CC/MM model includes electrostatic and mutual polarizati
Proteins are composed of 20 different amino acids. In the translation process, each of these 20 amino acids is specifically recognized by their cognate aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase. The fidelity of this recognition system is essential if translation is to function properly. The development of an in vitro system based on this recognition scheme would make a powerful analytical tool with which to analy
