In jawed vertebrates, development of an adaptive immune-system is essential for protection of the born organism against otherwise life-threatening pathogens. Myeloid cells of the innate immune system are formed early in development, whereas lymphopoiesis has been suggested to initiate much later, following emergence of definitive hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). Herein, we demonstrate that the emb

This paper studies contextual effects on fertility at the onset of fertility decline in Sweden. We argue that the community exerts an influence on fertility when individuals belonging to a certain community are more similar to one another (within-area) in their reproductive behaviour than individuals living in another community (between-area). Our hypotheses are that community had a strong influen

Abstract in UndeterminedA shift towards more energy-efficient light sources for outdoor lighting such as light-emitting diodes (LEDs) is underway. Photometric measures are not sufficient to capture how users experience the light, so complementary tools are required. This study aimed to develop an observer-based environmental assessment tool, based on bipolar semantic differentials, for outdoor lig

This article discusses the prospects and limitations of the scientific basis for offering personalized nutrition advice based upon individual genetic information. Two divergent scientific positions are presented, with an ethical comment. The crucial question is whether the current knowledge base is sufficiently strong for taking an ethically responsible decision to offer personalized nutrition adv

Complement C2 deficiency (C2D) is associated with immunological diseases and increased susceptibility to invasive infections caused by encapsulated bacteria such as Neisseria menigitidis. In this study we evaluate the immunogenicity of vaccination against N. menigitidis in C2D. C2D patients (n=22) and controls (n=52) were given a tetravalent meningococcal polysaccharide vaccine. Serum bactericidal

Abstract Objective: To describe how men and women experience their use of powered wheelchairs (PW) and powered scooters (PS) in everyday occupations, in the home and in society at large. Methods: A qualitative research approach with focus-group methodology was used. Four focus groups were created, with men and women as well as PW and PS users in different groups. Applying a descriptive approach, d

Begreppet vetenskap och beprövad erfarenhet är av vikt för många verksamheter i svensk offentlig sektor. Läsaren av Läkartidningen vet att begreppet är undflyende och att tolkningarna av det varierar. Det har liknats vid en trollformel och kritiserats för att öppna för godtycke och skönsmässiga bedömningar. Värst utsatt är komponenten beprövad erfarenhet som ofta lyfts fram som särskilt svårdefini

Shakespeare’s Henry V and Richard III both practise mendacity, but while Henry V celebrates Henry’s capacity for deceit, the king’s lies are condemned in Richard III. The plays show how similar patterns of behaviour in early modern England could be represented as either virtuous or evil by means of rhetoric, while the similar behaviour of the two kings suggests a broad awareness of the necessity o

Measurements of water content profiles are of great interest in hydrology and soil science. Time domain reflectometry (TDR) is a well-established method for water content measurements; however, most TDR probe designs are suitable for measurements in only a small soil volume. In this article, a 1-m long TDR profiling probe with five measurement sections is described. Unlike most other previous prof

The hype of robots as companions and caregivers for seniors raises questions concerning not only the technology but also its impact on practice, values and norms among seniors. This article focuses on how seniors adopt, utilise and make sense of robotic vacuum cleaners in their lives. Qualitative interviews and observations were conducted with ten seniors over a 13-month period, between July 2013

We present a straightforward method for accurate and precise U/Pb dating of baddeleyite using quadrupole LA-ICP-MS. To establish the validity of our ICP-MS data we used FC-4b baddeleyite from the Duluth complex as external standard, whereas baddeleyite from the Phalaborwa (South Africa) and the Sorkka (SW Finland) intrusions were treated as unknowns. The analytical protocol includes the use of a m

Studies of medium-induced QCD radiation usually rely on the calculation of single-gluon radiation spectrum off an energetic part on traversing an extended colored medium. Recently, the importance of interference effects between emitters in the medium has been explored. In this work we extend previous studies by calculating the single-gluon coherent spectrum off an antenna consisting of a massive q

Structural failure and collapse of thoracic stent grafts may cause fatal complications that are easily overlooked on follow-up imaging. A young man with multiple injuries from a motorcycle crash was treated with endografting for an aortic transection. The clinical course was initially satisfactory but deteriorated one week after the injury and the patient died two weeks later. Autopsy and retrospe

In this study, the total heatfunction equation which includes diffusion and convection transport is divided into the corresponding heatfunction equations. The superposition rule is used to obtain the mathematical definitions of diffusion and convection heatfunctions and corresponding boundary conditions. It is observed that the separate visualization of diffusion and convection heatlines provides

α-Synuclein is a key protein in Parkinson disease. Not only is it the major protein component of Lewy bodies, but it is implicated in several cellular processes that are disrupted in Parkinson disease. Misfolded α-synuclein has also been shown to spread from cell-to-cell and, in a prion-like fashion, trigger aggregation of α-synuclein in the recipient cell. In this mini-review we explore the evide

A Panel of International Experts was convened by the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) in collaboration with the European Society for Microbiology and Infectious Diseases (ESCMID) to update the 1999 Uncomplicated Urinary Tract Infection Guidelines by the IDSA. Co-sponsoring organizations include the American Congress of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, American Urological Association,