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It is argued that the focus of design is becoming increasingly intangible. At the same time as design consultants are expanding their offerings with new services aimed at enhancing innovation and the strategic process in client firms, studies indicate that industrial design consultancies have a problem getting commissioned and paid for the intangible parts of their service. One possible explanatio
Objectives: Within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study, the performance of 24-h dietary recall (24-HDR) measurements as reference measurements in a linear regression calibration model is evaluated critically at the individual (within-centre) and aggregate (between-centre) levels by using unbiased estimates of urinary measurements of nitrogen and potassium
Background: Cadmium, a common food pollutant, alters DNA methylation in vitro. Epigenetic effects might therefore partly explain cadmium's toxicity, including carcinogenicity, but human data on epigenetic effects are lacking. Objectives: To evaluate effects of dietary cadmium exposure on DNA methylation, considering other environmental exposures, genetic predisposition, and gene expression. Meth
We report on InAs enhancement-mode field-effect transistors integrated directly on Si substrates. The transistors consist of vertical InAs nanowires, grown on Si substrates without the use of metal seed particles, and they are processed with a 50-nm-long metal wrap gate and high-kappa gate dielectric. Device characteristics showing enhancement-mode operation are reported. The output characteristic
De senast åren har produktionen alternativa drivmedel vuxit kraftigt. Drivkrafterna kan framförallt hänföras till ett växande intresse av att skydda klimatet och de politiska initiativ som följt av detta, stigande oljepriser och industriella och jordbrukspolitiska intressen. I svallvågorna av den kraftiga expansionen av biodrimvedel har dock debatten alltmer börjat ifrågasätta nyttan och effektern
The previously reported complex trans-[IrHCl{cis-1,3-bis-(di-tert-butylphosphino)methyl} cyclohexane] (2) forms the 18-electron carbonyl compound anti-[Ir(CO)HCl{cis-1,3-bis-((di-tert-butylphosphino)methyl)} cyclohexane] (5a)upon reaction with 1 atm CO. The structural isomer syn-[IrH(CO)Cl{cis-1,3-bis-((di-tert- butylphosphino)methyl)}cyclohexane] (5b)is obtained directly upon complexation of the
The aim of this study is to record, objectively describe and compare working postures of Brazilian and Norwegian construction electricians. Postures of the upper arms, head, and neck during work and breaks were quantified by means of inclinometry for a representative sample of 12 Brazilian and 12 Norwegian electricians in the construction industry during a full work-shift. Despite that differences
Many proteins of various origins are able to form complexes with Immunoglobulin G using reaction sites formed by residues of constant domains. Studies of IgG complexes of non-immune nature are important as biologically active proteins could escape from the circulation forming complexes with IgG as well as with other serum proteins whose concentration in serum is high. A quantitative characterizati
The ever increasing volume of air transport necessitates new technologies to be adopted by the flight industry to fulfill the requirements of safety, security, affordability, and environmental friendliness while still meeting the growing demand. What we need to achieve this goal is a new type of aircraft cruise control, interconnecting all the onboard active control systems and making more accurat
A general introduction to the status of the European Spallation Source ESS AB is given. As well as a general overview, the status of instruments and instrument design is presented. Particular attention is given to the instrument selection process, and how a proposal for a fundamental neutron physics beamline should be submitted. The contents of this presentation closely reflect the recently comple
The delimitation of two morphologically similar and not easily separable Vulpicida species,V. juniperinus and V. tubulosus, is analyzed using nuclear ITS and Mcm7, and mitochondrial SSU DNA sequences. Seventy-nine Vulpicida specimens, most from the two focal taxa, are included in the three-locus gene tree. The results from Bayesian and parsimony analyses are presented. There are strong conflicts b
Abstract Background: The WHO advises against recumbent or supine position for longer periods during labour and birth and states that caregivers should encourage and support the woman to take the position in which she feels most comfortable. It has been suggested that upright positions may improve childbirth outcomes and reduce the risk for instrumental delivery; however RCTs of interventions to en
Postmenopausal women consistently have higher phosphorus levels than similarly aged men. As it is known that estradiol induces phosphaturia in rodents, we evaluated the cross-sectional association of sex hormones with serum phosphorus in 1346 community-living older men (mean age 76) of which 18% had moderate (stage 3) kidney disease. Using linear regression with serum phosphorus levels as the depe
Abstract Top Background Members of the Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor, PPAR, subfamily of nuclear receptors display complex opposing and overlapping functions and a wide range of pharmacological and molecular genetic tools have been used to dissect their specific functions. Non-agonist bound PPARδ has been shown to repress PPAR Response Element, PPRE, signalling and several lines of ev
Substitution in rutile-type approximate to SbVO4 was made with Fe3+ and Ga3+ replacing V3+, and Nb5+ replacing Sb5+. Moreover, preparations with Ti were synthesised where Ti4+ ions substitute for both V4+ and V3+/Sb5+ pairs approximate to SbVO4-related phases containing Ti together with Fe and Ga were also prepared. The samples were characterised using X-ray diffraction, DRIFT and Raman spectrosco
Semiconductor superlattices may display dispersions that are degenerate either at the zone center or zone boundary [G. Bastard, Wave Mechanics Applied to Semiconductor Heterostructures, Monographies de Physique (Les Editions de Physique, Les Ulis, 1988); C. Sirtori, F. Capasso, D. L. Sivco, and A. Y. Cho, Appl. Phys. Lett. 64, 2982 (1994)]. We show that they are linear upon the wave vector in the
RATIONALE: Formoterol is approved as asthma rescue medication in many countries. The exact duration of the airway vs. systemic effects of formoterol compared with another rescue medication, salbutamol, has not been evaluated. OBJECTIVE: To assess the duration of airway bronchodilatory effects vs. systemic effects of inhaled formoterol and salbutamol in asthmatic patients. METHODS: Twenty-six patie
