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OBJECTIVE: Diabetes significantly increases the risk for atherosclerotic complications, including coronary artery disease (CAD). Previous studies have suggested that adult-onset diabetes can be classified into five different clinical subtypes, including moderate obesity-related diabetes (MOD). The aim of this study was to investigate the genetic associations between the five diabetes subtypes and

Background: We aimed to investigate if early life marine n-3 fatty acids and fish intake, and fatty acid desaturase (FADS) genetic variants, were associated with later risk of celiac disease (CeD).Methods: Among 85,244 children in the prospective Norwegian Mother, Father, and Child Cohort Study, fish and marine fatty acid intakes were estimated from questionnaires to mothers during pregnancy, and

Biodiversity in human-dominated landscapes is declining, but evidence-based conservation targets to guide international policies for such landscapes are lacking. We present a framework for informing habitat conservation policies based on the enhancement of habitat quantity and quality and define thresholds of habitat quantity at which it becomes effective to also prioritize habitat quality. We app

BACKGROUND Clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP) and clonal cytopenia of undetermined significance (CCUS) are defined by somatic mutations in genes associated with myeloid neoplasms (MN) at a variant allele fraction (VAF) of 0.02 or greater in the absence and presence of cytopenia, respectively. CHIP/CCUS is highly prevalent in adults, and defining predictors of MN risk would aid

Aims. We aim to refine the fundamental parameters of the TOI-2141 planetary system, which includes a transiting sub-Neptune orbiting a Sun-like star on a relatively long orbit of 18.26 days, by combining new photometric and spectroscopic observations. Methods. We analyzed new space-based photometry from TESS and CHEOPS, as well as 61 radial velocity measurements from HARPS-N. We performed individu

Infections caused by anaerobes are common in children. However, limited data are available on bloodstream infections caused by these bacteria in Europe. A multicentre retrospective observational study was conducted over a 4-year period (2020–2023) across 44 European hospitals to analyze all anaerobes isolated from blood cultures. The study examined the epidemiology and antimicrobial resistance pro

När föräldrar har låga inkomster minskar barnens möjligheter att exempelvis resa på semester eller delta i fritidsaktiviteter som kostar pengar. Att växa upp i ekonomisk utsatthet kan påverka barns framtidsutsikter negativt. Av den offentliga statistiken vet vi att barnfattigdom är vanligare bland familjer med utrikes födda föräldrar, men variationen inom gruppen är stor och delvis outforskad.I de

Background: Breast cancer polygenic risk scores (PRS) and traditional risk models (e.g., the Gail model [Gail]) are known to contribute largely independent information, but it is unclear how the overlap varies by ancestry, age, disease type (invasive breast cancer, DCIS), and risk threshold. Methods: In a retrospective case–control study, we evaluated risk prediction performance in 180,398 women (

This study concerns democracy in education examined through the lens of small-group instrumental teaching. Traditionally, one-to-one teaching in a master–apprentice approach has been the established norm for instrumental teaching and the same model has long characterised instrumental teaching in Sweden’s art and music schools (SAMSs, kulturskolor).1 However, although individual teaching is still t

Objective: The aim of this study was to achieve an international expert consensus on managing acute type B penetrating aortic ulcers (PAUs) and intramural haematomas (IMHs). Methods: A modified Delphi consensus process was employed to develop recommendations for the management of acute type B PAU and IMH. Surveys were sent to international experts practicing in high volume aortic centres worldwide

Den omvälvande förändring som banade väg för det som kommit att kallas kunskapsekonomin har lett till en omfattande avindustrialisering av de regionala ekonomierna. Den har omformat grundvalarna för de lokala arbetsmarknaderna och förändrat riktningen i den regionala ojämna utvecklingen och löneskillnaderna. Mycket av den akademiska debatten har dock antingen grundats i nationella studier av lönesThe transformational change that ushered in what became known as the knowledge economy has led to widespread deindustrialisation of regional economies. It has reshaped the foundations of local labour markets and shifted the momentum of regional uneven development and wage inequalities. Much of the academic debate, however, has either been grounded in national-level studies of wage disparities or f

Understanding the basic biology of both a host and the pathogens they are afflicted by is a prerequisite for the development of effective clinical interventions. Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the causative agent of tuberculosis, remains one of the leading causes of disease worldwide. Despite extensive research, the appearance of highly drug-resistant bacterial strains and the prevalence of HIV co-in

Co-pathology is a common feature of neurodegenerative diseases that complicates diagnosis, treatment and clinical management. However, sensitive, specific and scalable biomarkers for in vivo pathological diagnosis are not available for most neurodegenerative neuropathologies. Here, we present ProtAIDe-Dx, a deep joint-learning model trained on 17,170 patients and controls that uses plasma proteomi

This paper examines how violent conflict affects the supply of education in one of the world’s poorest countries, Burkina Faso. We combine unique nationwide census data on all primary schools with geocoded records of Islamist violence to assess how local conflict exposure shapes school availability, staffing, and the mix of education provision. Using a staggered difference-in-differences design anThis paper examines how violent conflict affects the supply of education in one of the world’s poorest countries, Burkina Faso. We combine unique nationwide census data on all primary schools with geocoded records of Islamist violence to assess how local conflict exposure shapes school availability, staffing, and the mix of education provision. Using a staggered difference-in-differences design an

This paper examines whether and how Islamist violence affects educational content in secondary schools in Burkina Faso. We combine geocoded conflict-event data with nationwide school census data containing detailed information on teachers’ subject-specific teaching hours and mobility across schools. Using a staggered difference-in-differences design, we estimate the dynamic effects of violence on This paper examines whether and how Islamist violence affects educational content in secondary schools in Burkina Faso. We combine geocoded conflict-event data with nationwide school census data containing detailed information on teachers’ subject-specific teaching hours and mobility across schools. Using a staggered difference-in-differences design, we estimate the dynamic effects of violence on

BACKGROUND: Several studies have sought to investigate gambling craving and its potential contribution to gambling problems. One aim of this line of research has been to further examine whether craving should be considered a separate diagnostic criterion for gambling disorder, which it currently is not. The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between craving and other risk factors—