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A recent debate has emerged between Caspar et al. (2024) and Herculano-Houzel (2023) on inferring extinct dinosaur cognition by estimating brain neuron counts. While thought-provoking, the discussion largely overlooks the function of cognition, as well as partly neglects the difficulties involved in estimating neuron numbers, which according to us leads to oversimplified conclusions. We use this e
How animals react to violations of expectations offers a valuable lens into their perception of the world. Kea (Nestor notabilis) and Goffin’s cockatoos (Cacatua goffiniana) are optimal animal models to examine susceptibility to violations of expectations owing to their sophisticated physical exploration and cognition skills. This study involved a bait-and-switch of food items varying in desirabil
BackgroundLong-term oxygen therapy (LTOT) given for at least 15 hours/day improves survival in patients with severe chronic hypoxemia. However, the recent REDOX trial showed that LTOT prescribed for 24 hours/day was not superior to 15 hours/day in terms of death, hospitalizations, or self-reported outcomes. We aimed to examine the cost effectiveness of prescribing LTOT for 24 versus 15 hours/day.M
Ulvan is a polysaccharide most abundant in green macroalgae biomass. Investigation of ulvan confirmed the potential of the polysaccharide for food, pharmaceutical and chemistry applications, emphasising the beneficial properties of ulvan oligosaccharides. Efficient production of oligosaccharides requires action of ulvan lyases capable of ensuring polysaccharide enzymatic depolymerisation. The
This review paper provides a literature review of predictive methods and cybersecurity frameworks essential to safeguard Industry 4.0 manufacturing systems against cyber threats. The review focuses on two key areas: the prediction method and the data used for this prediction. These areas are critical for anticipating cyber threats and implementing effective countermeasures. They underscore the nee
In light of recent global crises and growing geopolitical uncertainties, the importance of resilience at the individual, organizational, and societal levels has become more apparent. This chapter explores the role of communication capabilities in building resilience – the ability to adapt to a changing environment and to mitigate and recover from crises. Based on existing literature, we propose an
The world has encountered numerous global crises, including epidemics, military conflicts, and economic collapse. Innovative digital technologies, such as Industry 4.0 (I4.0), can undoubtedly help improve industries’ operations during critical times. The dairy industry has seen an increment in technological adoption in the last few years. Adopting cutting-edge technologies is regarded as more feas
Background: The global dairy market is experiencing a massive transition as dairy farming has recently undergone modernization. As a result, the dairy industry needs to improve its operational efficiencies by implementing effective optimization techniques. Conventional and emerging optimization techniques have already gained momentum in the dairy industry. This study’s objective was to explore the
Background: The dairy industry has gradually adopted cutting-edge technology in the past few years. This review explores the evolution and interventions of Artificial Intelligence (AI), Machine Learning (ML), and Industry 4.0 in the dairy industry through a systematic literature review and bibliometric analysis. Methods: The Web of Science, Scopus, etc. databases were used for bibliometric analysi
Background: Growing concerns about food safety and quality practices require the dairy industry to sustain accountability and transparency. Knowing consumer perceptions and attitudes regarding traceability is critical for developing efficient market-driven approaches. Purpose of the Study: This empirical research explores consumer perceptions of product traceability within the dairy industry. It s
The complex structure of dairy operations requires the adoption of effective traceability mechanisms to ensure transparency, quality, and safety in a sustainable manner. This chapter explores the fundamental aspects of traceability, highlighting its ability to improve transparency, encourage consumer confidence, and ensure regulatory adherence in the dairy context. Integrating technological interv
Savanna ecosystems of the Sahel are heavily affected by climate change, leading to drier subtropical regions. These ecosystems play a fundamental role in food security of the region, so that an improved understanding of how these ecosystems are affected by these weather events is thereby critical. Several studies have assessed the herbaceous production level, dynamics during the rainy season, and Savanna ecosystems of the Sahel are heavily affected by climate change, leading to drier subtropical regions. These ecosystems play a fundamental role in food security of the region, so that an improved understanding of how these ecosystems are affected by these weather events is thereby critical. Several studies have assessed the herbaceous production level, dynamics during the rainy season, and
Digital transformations and industrial automation help improve productivity and operational efficiency at a mass scale without compromising quality and consistency in the food processing industry. This chapter discusses how artificial intelligence (AI) can effectively enhance food hygiene, safety and quality, efficient production and supply chain by efficient decision-making, food waste management
Background: The Indian food industry is undergoing a significant shift towards sustainability, driven by emerging technologies such as artificial intelligence (AI). This study aims to explore the role of AI in promoting sustainable food processing in India, based on data collected from 110 businesses. Methods: Three hypotheses were developed and analyzed to assess the adoption of AI for sustainabi
