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The paper analyses data from the “Forbes World Billionaires List” from 1996 to 2015. Decomposing the sample finds, that inherited wealth exhibits higher levels of inequality than self-made wealth. Overall inequality decreases and the inequality level of the self-made subgroup converges to the one of inherited wealth. In addition, self-made billionaires also experience higher social mobility. Howev

Kraven som ställs på dagens samhällen är stora. Infrastrukturmässiga förändringar såsom stadsförtätningar och bebyggelser av bostäder på tidigare otänkbara platser påskyndas av en ökad befolkningsmängd samt en pågående urbanisering. Miljömässiga förändringar har även drivit frågan om en utökad och effektiviserad spårtrafik framåt. Anpassningar såsom dessa har ökat behovet av kunskap om anläggningeMany construction projects, entail excavations into water-bearing soils. As a consequence of this a groundwater lowering must be made which can cause major environmental impacts, such as drainage of adjacent rivers or wetlands or subsidence of adjacent buildings. The groundwater that flows into the excavation is also of importance since it determines the volume of water that has to be pumped away

To address climate change, global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in the residential building sector, accounting for 39% in Sweden, need to reduce. While technological improvements and behavioural change are two commonly used strategies, the former is limited by rebound effects that range from 15-20% in Sweden. Focussing on individual behaviour is imperative. While Psychology (behavioural-based) an

This thesis studies the problem of finding the optimal placement of a directed link in a graph representation of a social network in order to maximize the induced gain of the opinion equilibrium. The model assumes the presence of a set of stubborn nodes and applies a standard DeGroot opinion dynamics model. First we show that an added directed link should point to a stubborn node in order to maxim

By implementing efficient and smart schedulers in our software systems with multiple threads we can make applications run faster and much more efficiently. There is however a lot of caution when adopting and implementing scheduling algorithms, like limited preemptive scheduling or PD2, due to the uncertainty they may cause on advanced and complex systems. In fact, most algorithms are tested to pro

will provide solutions which could act as a guide line for any future sustainable urban development and management. Enhancing the public realm in Höganäs by proposing a new approach for rethinking the public realm as a volumetric space emphasizing on its livable dimension where social life exist, rather than consider it a simple surface. Two different study areas have been selected to provide more

Policy on Planning for Children and Youth in urbanization environment. Enriching Urban Cityscape for Children and Youth through Scandinavian (Swedish and Danish) child methodology on the old European planning model. In this model, traffic management has the most potential in planning. For the study Dhanmondi, the site planned during the British Empire, was chosen within the capital city Dhaka, Ban

Title: Earnings Management under IFRS Date of seminar: 2017-05-29 Authors: David Backaliden & Ragnar Nilhag Supervisor: Peter W. Jönsson Keywords: Earnings Management, Discretionary Accruals, Jones Cash Flow Model, IFRS, Conservatism. Purpose: To investigate how the introduction of IFRS for listed companies in Sweden has affected Swedish listed companies' use of earnings management.

The relevance of M&E insights being utilized for reporting, contra planning purposes, for predicting level of outcome implementation have been neglected in previous literature. However, this study can show that when measurements and evaluations is used for future planning of communication activities, level of outcome implementation increase largely. This study can also predict the level of wh

Channel coding is an important instrument used in communication to correct errors that occur on channels. It is interesting to find the best-suited channel code for different communication systems. Polar codes have been in the spotlight lately for their simple structure and performance when in combination with list decoding and cyclic redundancy check code. Polar codes have a recursive structure

För att förutsäga beteendet hos mekaniska dynamiska system används beräknings-modeller som utgår ifrån systemens massa, styvhet och dämpningsegenskaper. Dessa modeller kan vara avancerade eller lätthanterliga mycket beroende på hur dämpnings-mekanismerna modelleras. Syftet med arbetet var att undersöka hur mer avancerade materialmodeller för beskrivning av dämpningen påverkar systemets dynamik.Damping is present in all dynamic systems. In one way or another energy is being dissipated in the system. To capture this aspect of reality in a computational model is a difficult task. A common simplification is to assume that the damping is of a linear viscous nature. This assumption provides an equation of motion (linear dynamics) which is easy to handle mathematically. However, the simplicity of

Detta arbete är en hermeneutisk undersökning av sex olika svenska rollspel från fyra årtionden för att upptäcka eventuella trender och utvecklingar i hur dessa introducerar nya spelare till konceptet rollspel. Spelen är tre utgåvor av rollspelet Mutant, rollspelet Neotech och två utgåvor av rollspelet Eon. De olika spelen visade sig ha en väldigt varierande mängd hjälpmedel för nya spelare och utv

This paper seeks to express the chemical potential for proteins on a surface in terms of number surface densitiy. Generalized Van der Waals (GVdW) theory and Virial hard disk theory are explored and fitted to experimental data by varying the hard disk radius. Additionnally Metropolis Monte Carlo simulations are used to simulate the interactions between proteins. Simulations are done on freely rot

Almost every large Swedish online newspaper has disabled comments under their articles due to problems with hateful and offensive comments. In this Master's thesis, we explore different ways to detect toxic comments using machine learning. We carry out a comparison of classification algorithms and evaluate a number of different feature sets with the goal of optimizing accuracy for the classifi

Despite the fact that some forecasts suggest that a large number of individuals could become displaced by 2050, the institutional and operational linkages between climate and cross-border displacement continues to be complex. While refugees and IDPs are treated according to specific treaties, the status of cross-border displacement as a result of disasters suffers from a normative gap and the link

Economic sanctions are a widely used, yet controversial international policy tool. This paper aims to examine the trade deflecting effects of Russian sent import sanctions on the Finnish exports. This effect is analyzed by estimating a gravity equation of trade by applying Pseudo-Poisson Maximum Likelihood and Ordinary Least Squares estimators. The data covers Finnish export in the sanctioned prod

Within 10 years the outlook on Africa has shifted from a continent of destitute to the potential next new emerging market. This study is relevant in this regard to investigate to what extent SSA countries are reaping the benefits of foreign investment inflows and the absorptive capacities necessary to benefit from FDI. A cross sectional analysis was done on 34 countries in Sub-Sahara Africa for th

This research puts together two massive areas: voluntary certification programmes, specifically Type I ecolabelling (ISO 14024), aimed to incentivise and assist in providing customers with sustainable in all meanings products; and rechargeable batteries – inalienable element of portable electronic products. Moreover, the importance of batteries lifts up to an absolutely new level – with a rapid de

Bakgrund: av de som dog i Sverige 2010 var åttio procent i behov av palliativ vård. De flesta hade närstående vid sin sida. Tidigare forskning har visat att närstående upplever höga krav utifrån att bli vårdare och tvingas således in i en vårdande roll, med bristande stöd från vårdpersonal. Syfte: att beskriva personers upplevelser av att vara närstående vid palliativ vård. Metod: en litteraturstu

Psykologyrket kan vara berikande och skapa en känsla av meningsfullhet och därigenom ge upphov till Compassion Satisfaction. Men det kan också bidra till negativa effekter som utbrändhet och sekundär traumatisering, vilket beskrivs med termen Compassion Fatigue. Syftet med denna studie var att undersöka om handledning och medvetenhet kring motöverföring är associerat med mindre Compassion Fatigue