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In Sweden, the adoption of membrane technology for drinking water production is increasing, prompting many water producers to consider substantial investments in new membrane facilities. Ensuring the sustainability of membrane operation in terms of cost,environmental impact, and long-term performance is a top priority. This descriptive study aims to identify common operational trends or practices
Salinity gradient energy (SGE) can play an important role in the energy transition from fossil-based sources to renewable sources. Its potential is estimated to be around 625 TWh·a-1 corresponding to 3% of global electricity consumption [1]. SGE sources are most abundant in the estuaries where rivers meet seawater. However, it is also available in different forms such as brackish water, brine etc
This article offers a critical review of the history of international law, questioning its Eurocentric and state-centric foundations. From the perspective of Third World Approaches to International Law (TWAIL), it highlights the constitutive role of colonialism in shaping the international legal order, particularly in doctrines such as sovereignty. It examines the work of Francisco de Vitoria, who
The Review summarizes much of particle physics and cosmology. Using data from previous editions, plus 2,717 new measurements from 869 papers, we list, evaluate, and average measured properties of gauge bosons and the recently discovered Higgs boson, leptons, quarks, mesons, and baryons. We summarize searches for hypothetical particles such as supersymmetric particles, heavy bosons, axions, dark ph
The Review summarizes much of particle physics and cosmology. Using data from previous editions, plus 2,143 new measurements from 709 papers, we list, evaluate, and average measured properties of gauge bosons and the recently discovered Higgs boson, leptons, quarks, mesons, and baryons. We summarize searches for hypothetical particles such as supersymmetric particles, heavy bosons, axions, dark ph
We review the physics opportunities of the Future Circular Collider, covering its e+e-, pp, ep and heavy ion programmes. We describe the measurement capabilities of each FCC component, addressing the study of electroweak, Higgs and strong interactions, the top quark and flavour, as well as phenomena beyond the Standard Model. We highlight the synergy and complementarity of the different colliders,
To address the flammability issues limiting polymer applications, phosphorus-containing flame retardants have received increasing attention as halogen-free alternatives. In this study, two phosphorus-containing methacrylate monomers, diphenylphosphinyl methacrylate (DPMA, +1 oxidation state, P–Ph bond) and diphenylphosphoryloxy methacrylate (DPOMA, +5 oxidation state, P–O–C bond), were synthesized
This article examines how lying by state agents can violate various human rights, including freedoms of opinion and expression, the right to health, and the right to participate in public affairs. The article argues that human rights law will apply regardless of whether states lie to their own people or to peoples of other states. The article also argues that lying by state agents can be justified
Male childlessness in late adulthood is increasingly prevalent in rural China, raising concerns about later-life care and welfare sustainability. While research has examined individual predictors and macro-level conditions, little is known about how these factors interact within the broader structure-agency context. This study, guided by a life course perspective, explores the structural factors s
Since 2002, Swedish higher education institutions have been mandated by the Higher Education Act to actively promote widening participation. However, there is no national definition of widening participation, leaving each institution to define its own objectives. This article investigates how teachers at Lund University in Sweden understand and implement widening participation, examining their perSince 2002, Swedish higher education institutions have been mandated by the Higher Education Act to actively promote widening participation. However, there is no national definition of widening participation, leaving each institution to define its own objectives. This article investigates how teachers at Lund University in Sweden understand and implement widening participation, examining their per
