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Despite substantial contextual differences between the West and China, systems approaches have been recognized as essential for addressing complex and dynamic management challenges, particularly within the field of innovation. However, most previous studies are rooted in traditional cybernetics within the framework of first-order science, which is characterized by linear processes and stable eleme

A single zircon grain dated by ion probe with a minimum age of 3432±30 Ma was found in a microgranite dyke, which cuts norite of 916±11 Ma Hakefjorden Complex at Älgön on the Swedish west coast north of Gothenburg. Zircons are a rare accessory mineral in this dyke. They could be classified by morphology as orthocrysts and xenocrysts. Data from four orthocrysts show that the dyke originated between

Background: Around 95% of all websites selling medicines globally are illegal and contribute to the spread of substandard and falsified medicines. Hence, it is important to identify legal pharmacies when accessing medicines online. During 2022-2024, 250 million prescriptions were legally dispensed in Sweden, and 69% were prescribed in primary care. Pharmacists and general practitioners are key hea

In this research, a straightforward and effective preconcentration technique was developed by integrating three-phase hollow fiber liquid-phase microextraction (HF-LPME) with high-performance liquid chromatography equipped with a photodiode array detector and mass spectrometry (HPLC-DAD/MS) for the simultaneous extraction and quantification of trace levels of tamoxifen (Tam) and clomiphene (Clom)

Decision biases reinforce firms’ tendency to develop innovations based on narrow economic motivations. Consequently, sustainability-oriented ideas explicitly targeting social and environmental issues are easily discarded in idea selection when trade-offs between economic and sustainability values are faced. Given the so far limited knowledge about how sustainability-oriented ideas are developed an

To obtain geologically meaningful and precise results on low-level sulfides that are highly radiogenic, blank corrections that account for the extreme difference in the Os isotope composition of sample and blank are necessary, and the resulting data is best plotted in 187 Re- 187Os space, much like the approach used for molybdenites. We here introduce the acronym LLHR as a means of characterizing

Objective: To investigate whether modifying hearing aid gain at the individual’s tinnitus pitch augments tinnitus mitigation from hearing aid amplification. Design: Participants were randomised to receive hearing aids delivering either objectively verified Conventional Amplification (n = 36), Increased Gain at Tinnitus Pitch (n = 36), or eliminated gain at tinnitus pitch, so-called Notch Therapy (

The number of degrees of freedom (NDoF) in a communication channel fundamentally limits the number of independent spatial modes available for transmitting and receiving information. Although the NDoF can be computed numerically for specific configurations using singular value decomposition (SVD) of the channel operator, this approach provides limited physical insight. In this paper, we introduce a

Femtosecond transient absorption measurements were performed on native and a series of reconstituted LH2 complexes from Rhodopseudomonas acidophila 10050 at room temperature. The reconstituted complexes contain chemically modified tetrapyrrole pigments in place of the native bacteriochlorophyll a-B800 molecules. The spectral characteristics of the modified pigments vary significantly, such that

The deep recycling of surface material into Earth’s mantle is an integral process governing global water and fluid-mobile element cycles. This recycling is largely predicated on subduction operating efficiently, which may not apply for the first two billion years of Earth’s history. Tracing the initiation and evolution of the modern deep fluid-mobile element cycle requires determining when the man

The aim of this study was to assess aquifer salinity risk by identifying high-risk land-use zones and proposing a new paradigm for groundwater resource management under salinization pressure. Salinity risk modeling was conducted with consideration of land-use patterns and agricultural production in the study region. The results revealed that approximately 26% of the aquifer lies within high-risk s

Polyamines are regulatory metabolites with key roles in transcription, translation, cell signalling and autophagy1. They are implicated in multiple neurological disorders, including stroke, epilepsy and neurodegeneration, and can regulate neuronal excitability through interactions with ion channels2. Polyamines have been linked to pain, showing altered levels in human persistent pain states and mo

Unlike glucose, the sub-optimal xylose utilization in recombinant Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains may stem from an unusual signaling response that is not adapted to detecting xylose as a fermentable substrate. We hypothesize that the membrane receptor Snf3p, known for sensing extracellular low glucose levels, may contribute to xylose recognition. To test this, we explored the effect of SNF3 inact

Using terahertz and transient absorption spectroscopy, carrier dynamics in organo halide perovskite solar cell is probed. Charge generation is <100 fs, followed by 2 ps charge formation with balanced electron hole mobility of 20 cm2V-1s-1.