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Nickel phosphides are promising earth-abundant, low-cost catalysts for hydrogen/oxygen evolution reactions and CO2 reduction. However, their formation mechanisms remain poorly understood and difficult to control. This particularly applies to mechanisms determining phase evolution, crystallinity, and morphology under reactive conditions, factors that critically influence catalytic activity and stab
Background The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to examine autoantibody positive individuals and define: (a) the relative risk of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) compared with autoantibody negative individuals and (b) the cumulative incidence of RA over time, in different populations. Methods A systematic literature search was performed in August 2025. Retrospective case control studi
Astrometric observations can, in principle, be used to detect gravitational waves. In this paper, we give a practical overview of the gravitational wave effects which can be expected specifically in small-field astrometric data. Particular emphasis is placed on the differential effect between pairs of sources within a finite field of view. We also present several general findings that are not rest
This thesis consists of four self-contained papers in the economics of education and labor economics.In the first chapter, we study whether differences in teacher quality across countries are a contributor of international learning gaps. In particular, we study the effects of two dimensions of teacher quality, subject knowledge and didactic skills, on student learning in francophone Sub-Saharan Af
Standard quantum measurements are projective. However, the full scope of quantum measurements is represented by positive operator-valued measures (POVMs) and many of these break the limitations of projective measurements as resources in quantum information. It is therefore natural to consider how accurately an experimenter with access only to projective measurements and classical processing can si
Deep ice cores from polar ice sheets enable reconstructions of Earth’s past climate. Ice core records are therefore crucial for projecting future climate change, but our ability to interpret them relies on our understanding of polycrystalline-ice microstructures and mechanics. In turn, these microstructures enable modeling of ice flow and large-scale effects of ice sheet evolution. Since drilling
Animals have evolved multiple sensory systems that can acquire environmental information guiding their behaviour, allowing them to adapt physiological parameters to current conditions. However, over the past century, anthropogenic changes have increasingly made information on environmental conditions less reliable, by introducing novel elements (such as synthetic chemicals or artificial light), by
Many different types of insects make seasonal migrations over vast distances, typically from one broad geographical region to another, most often involving a latitudinal change in one direction in spring with a reversal of this direction in autumn. However, a small handful of these species instead migrate from an enormous geographical area to a highly specific destination they have never previousl
Transpiration drives up to 40 % of terrestrial precipitation, with forests playing a critical role. This study combines long-term sap flow measurements and surface-based cloud observations to examine how different clouds affect tree transpiration across boreal and temperate European forests. Under specific cloudy conditions, sap flow can exceed clear-sky levels, reflecting distinct radiation effec
Following the Fish—an artistic research project exploring architecture, migration and collective practice through workshop-based methodologies—was presented in 2024 as part of the exhibition UnFold: Exploring Artistic Directions in Architectural Research at Lund University.The project was developed through a series of workshops across Barcelona, Lund and Venice, engaging with the spatial and socia
The speed at which the number of battery electric vehicles is growing is fueling debates and research on the criticality of battery materials. But rapid growth also enables fast uptake of new cathode chemistries, and electric vehicle batteries show considerable flexibility and material substitutability. Historical scaling of production is more dynamic than recognized in scenarios of future mineral
The interest in urban tourism has increased lately, both among visitors and in research. In new urban tourism, some significant tendencies are identified: blurring traditional categories of tourists, changes in tourism culture, and spatial change. These tendencies are based on structural change and relevant for understanding current urban destination development. In short, a large variety of visit
Heterochromatin is characterized by an inaccessibility to the transcriptional machinery and is associated with the histone mark H3K9me3. However, studying the functional consequences of heterochromatin loss in human cells has been challenging. Here, we used CRISPRi-mediated silencing of the histone methyltransferase SETDB1 to remove H3K9me3 heterochromatin in human neural progenitor cells. Despite
10Be deposition in ice cores is widely used for solar reconstructions, but its interpretation is complicated by volcanic influences. Using the state-of-the-art aerosol-climate model ECHAM6.3-HAM2.3-SALSA2.0: 10Be, we assess the impacts of three major volcanic eruptions: Agung (1963), El Chichón (1982) and Pinatubo (1991). All eruptions enhance stratospheric 10Be sedimentation, increasing atmospher
The decarbonisation of industry, which is a significant contributor to greenhouse gas emissions, is closely linked to the energy system and its transformation. This study quantifies the impacts of industrial decarbonisation on the European energy system, considering uncertainties in electricity and hydrogen demand and constraints on renewable energy sources (RES) deployment and cross-border infras
Electronics repair is a core component of a circular economy, yet the many social, technical, and financial barriers limit the widespread adoption of repair practices along the value chain. The high complexity of electronics, reinforced by product design choices, and a perpetuating culture of consumption has normalised replacement when a fault occurs. Similarly, a lack of technical knowledge, unce
Sensitive detection of short nucleic acids is used to identify viral and bacterial diseases, detect biomarkers of cancer, as well as in gene expression studies. Currently available techniques such as PCR, electrochemical detection and SPR are typically costly and often require amplification of the DNA. Here, we demonstrate a sensing system for picomolar detection of short single-stranded DNA by fl
