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Continuum damage mechanics elaborates the continuum mechanics based modelling and simulation of mechanical degradation effects. The objective of this contribution is to briefly review different aspects of continuum damage mechanics of solid continua with a focus on general modelling concepts and application to isotropic as well as anisotropic damage approaches on the one hand, and to discuss possi
This article analyzes approximately two thousand political motions submitted to the Swedish Parliament between 2010 and 2022, aiming to examine whether and how an increased politicization of religion can be identified and its role in shaping political constructions of national identity. The study reveals that religion has become a more controversial issue in political motions during the examined p
Background: Medial plica is a structure with limited understanding of its pathology, but it may be related to the development of medial knee osteoarthritis (OA). We examined the association between medial plica and medial meniscus extrusion (MME), progression of MME, and the risk of early-stage knee OA development in middle-aged persons. Methods: A total of 340 subjects with tibiofemoral Kellgren–
This paper explores the role of guanxi in facilitating innovation within the Chinese construction sector. Guanxi, denoting the network of trust-based relationships, is deeply rooted in Chinese culture and orchestrates innovation activities. As the construction sector shifts toward bio-based building materials, understanding how guanxi influences innovation activities becomes crucial for the sector
Objective: To describe the frequency and types of incidental findings on prostate MRI in a screening setting. Materials and methods: Prostate MRI reports from 2020 to 2024 for men aged 50–56 years were collected from three regional organised prostate cancer testing (OPT) programmes in Sweden. Incidental findings were categorised as suspicious for extra-prostatic malignancy, otherwise likely clinic
This paper examines the distributive effects of personal income taxation in Sweden, the United Kingdom, and the United States during the first half of the twentieth century. We estimate the evolution of marginal and average effective tax rates across the income distribution and calculate the corresponding indices of progressivity and redistribution. Our results show that redistribution through inc
Climate change-induced water insecurity impacts are unevenly distributed across the world, with Africa expected to bear the highest burden of water scarcity globally. This chapter examines how climate change acts as a compounding factor that exacerbates the existing vulnerabilities in the Sahel region and creates new challenges for water security and irrigation management. With populations in the
Background: Over recent decades, school choice (the process by which parents select a school of their choosing for the child/children) has become a key component of education policy pursued in many countries, and a critical decision for many parents. While global scholarship has broadened understanding of how families engage with and experience school choice, less is known about how this choice op
House crows, known for their adaptability, thrive in urban settings by exploiting anthropogenic food sources. We explored the feeding dynamics of house crows (Corvus splendens) in the unique high-altitude urban environment of Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir. Our research, conducted from July 2023 to February 2024, involved comprehensive field observations across diverse urban and semi-natural landscap
Background Manufacturing companies often have to balance the use of components for manufacturing and for aftermarket sales. This puts pressure on these companies to efficiently organize and prioritize their needs and supply of these. The Gasketed Plate Heat Exchanger Business Unit within Alfa Laval is an example of a company experiencing this type of need. The business unit has two separate parts,
Extreme climate events, such as heatwaves, are predicted to increase in frequency, intensity, and duration in the near future. Subarctic and boreal climate zones are expected to be especially negatively impacted, as recent shifts in temperature regimes are already particularly strong compared with more southern biomes. While many studies have focused on gradual warming and on both acute and chroni
Climate change and connected environmental disruptions have a large negativeeffect on the health of humans and other species. Improved understanding ofknown links in the environment-disease nexus as well as knowledge gaps isessential to prepare for and mitigate this escalating threat. However, knowledgefragments are scattered across millions of scientific articles making informationsynthesis too c
Abstract—In numerous image-based studies, such as cell studies,a plethora of information is embedded in cell objects, whichmust first be accurately extracted before it can be utilized forfurther downstream analysis and linked to biological processesexplored in the original experiment. One such technique forthis purpose is instance segmentation. In our study, whichcell death and associated pathways
Suicide in children and young adults is a leading cause of premature mortality, and there is a need to develop a more profound understanding of the factors that contribute to these deaths. This study is part of the nationwide Retrospective Investigation of Health Care Utilization in Individuals who died by Suicide in Sweden 2015, conducted at Lund University, Sweden. The aim was to examine symptomSuicide in children and young adults is a leading cause of premature mortality, and there is a need to develop a more profound understanding of the factors that contribute to these deaths. This study is part of the nationwide Retrospective Investigation of Health Care Utilization in Individuals who died by Suicide in Sweden 2015, conducted at Lund University, Sweden. The aim was to examine symptom
Bakgrund: Boende med allvarlig psykisk ohälsa på särskilda boenden har brist på meningsfulla aktiviteter i sin vardag. Gruppen har begränsade sociala kontakter och ofta svårigheter att bibehålla en god aktivitetsbalans. Aktiv i Mitt Hem (AiMH) är en aktivitetsbaserad intervention som syftar till att motivera boende till ökat aktivitetsengagemang. Syfte: Att undersöka hur personalen som arbetar iBackground: Residents with severe mental health disability and living in assisted housing have a lack of meaningful activity in their everyday lives. Active in My Home (AiMH) is an activity intervention aimed to address this issue. Aim: To explore the experiences of staff in supported housing for people with severe mental health disability involved in the AiMH intervention. Method: Focus groups
Produktionen av solenergi utgör den snabbast växande energikällan i Europa. Storskaliga solcellsanläggningar kräver stora plana markytor och anläggs därför ofta på jordbruksmark, vilket kan förvärra habitatförluster i redan fragmenterade landskap. Marklevande vildbin är en grupp av arter som drabbats hårt i och med jordbrukets rationalisering. På senare år har intresset för en kombinerad markanvän
PLCs are the core of most industrial automation systems (IAS). Modern IAS development emphasizes hardware unifica-tion and increased software significance. Remote PLC programming boosts efficiency by reducing time and travel costs, while supporting advanced training. Using safety controllers in the example of IAS, this paper presents hardware and PLC-specific software tools enabling remote PLC pro
The aim of the research is to identify ways to build an object detector (OD) that can ultimately provide a given level of accuracy while operating autonomously in real-time on devices with limited resources. Currently, there is a wide variety of ODs; therefore, this work focuses on selecting an appropriate method and algorithm for OD by developing a prototype using a PC and the MATLAB simulation p
