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The genomic response following brain ischemia is very complex and involves activation of both protective and detrimental signaling pathways. Immediate early genes (IEGs) represent the first wave of gene expression following ischemia and are induced in extensive regions of the ischemic brain including cerebral cortex and hippocampus. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), Neuritin and Activity-r

The distribution of substituents along the polymer backbone will have a strong influence on the properties of modified cellulose. Endoglucanases were used to degrade three different batches of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose ( HPMC) derivatives with similar chemical properties. The phase separation of the HPMCs as a function of temperature, i.e., the clouding behavior, was analyzed prior to degrada

The chromosomal translocation t(X;18)(p11.2;q11.2) is tightly linked to the tumorigenesis of synovial sarcoma. Through this translation the SYT gene on chromosome 18 is fused with a testis/cancer antigen gene on the X chromosome, generating either a SYT-SSX1, SYT-SSX2, or less often a SYT-SSX4 fusion gene. It has been anticipated that the individual synovial sarcoma carries only one of these varia

In Swedish welfare agencies, it was found that the importance of characteristics of social research for utilization was related to three intervening factors: the context of origin of the research, the functions for the user and the utilization context. These factors seem to explain the difference between competing notions on the importance of scientific sophistication for research utilization.

In this study, the reproducibility of tryptic digestion of complex solutions was investigated using liquid chromatography Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance (LC FT-ICR) mass spectrometry. Tryptic peptides, from human cerebrospinal fluid, (CSF) were labeled with Quantification-Using-Enhanced-Signal-Tags (QUEST)-markers, or 1-([H-4]nicotinoyloxy)- and 1-([D-4]nicotinoyloxy)-succinimide ester

This paper presents newly constructed series on human capital in Sweden 1870–2000. The estimates are based on enrolment in different forms of education, stretching as far back as 1812, and the size and age distribution of the population within age range 15–65 years. The secular accumulation of human capital has closely matched the long-term trend in aggregate productivity and both grew at a rate o

Abstract in UndeterminedWe suggest a method of analyzing the sustainability conditions for forestry from three major realms: environmental, social, and economic. The tools and methods were tested at sites in Sweden. Assessments were made for the long-term sustainability concerning the impact of present management practices on the balances of nutrients in monocultures and mixed-species stands. In t

Acute rheumatic fever is a serious autoimmune sequela of pharyngitis caused by certain group A streptococci. One mechanism applied by streptococcal strains capable of causing acute rheumatic fever is formation of an autoantigenic complex with human collagen IV. In some geographic regions with a high incidence of acute rheumatic fever pharyngeal carriage of group C and group G streptococci prevails

The concept of a very limited effective period for prophylactic antibiotic action was challenged in a prospective, controlled and randomized study featuring a simplified method for assessing the degree of contamination in the operative field during colorectal surgery. The 226 patients were given 1 g metronidazole IV on induction of anaesthesia and 12 h postoperatively. Following standardized salin

In this study, age and sex differences in diameter and compliance of the common carotid artery (CCA) were evaluated in 119 healthy subjects with a phase-locked echo-tracking system. The diameter and pulsatile diameter changes were measured, and pressure strain elastic modulus (Ep) and stiffness (beta) were calculated and used as the inverse estimate of compliance. The carotid diameter increased mo

The alkaline sphingomyelinase (SMase) was first found in rat intestinal brush border. The important roles of this enzyme in digestion of sphingomyelin and in mucosal cell proliferation have been suggested. In the present work, the distribution of the alkaline SMase in the tissues of human beings and animals have been studied. By assaying the enzyme activity in human biopsy samples, we found that t

We report on the mechanism of growth of mesoporous silica (SBA-15, plane group p6m). In situ studies of the formation using ultrasmall angle X-ray scattering (USAXS) and small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) covering length scales from 5 to 10 000 A, complemented with UV-vis and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), provide unique data on particle growth coupled with information regarding the prog

The lecticans are a group of chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans characterized by the presence of C-type lectin domains. Despite the suggestion that their lectin domains interact with carbohydrate ligands, the identity of such ligands has not been elucidated. We previously showed that brevican, a nervous system-specific lectican, binds the surface of B28 glial cells (Yamada, H., Fredette, B., Shitar

Dizziness is a common symptom, and recent research shows that physical activity and specific treatment of vertigo and dizziness are effective. The management of dizzy patients requires assessment and, when appropriate, treatment by a physiotherapist. We have therefore studied how general practitioners (GPs) handle patients with vertigo and dizziness, to find out whether treatment follows current r

We investigate tunable hole quantum dots defined by surface gating Ge/Si core-shell nanowire heterostructures. In single level Coulomb-blockade transport measurements at low temperatures spin doublets are found, which become sequentially filled by holes. Magnetotransport measurements allow us to extract a g factor g;{*} approximately 2 close to the value of a free spin-1/2 particle in the case of

Seedlings of Pinus sylvestris L. were grown in Plexiglas(R) observation chambers in limed (CaCO3, pH 5.0 and 5.9) and untreated (pH 4.1) peat. The seedlings were either colonized by the mycorrhizal fungus Paxillus involutus (Batsch: Fr.) Fr. Or were non-mycorrhizal. After 18 wk in the observation chambers, N-15-labelled organic nitrogen, as lyophilized and ground mycelium of Suillus variegatus (Sw

The soil acidification model SAFE was modified to calculate historical changes in geochemistry and runoff since the last glaciation ended at the Lake Gårdsjön F1 catchment 12 000 B.P. Changes in runoff pH and ANC, soil weathering rate, soil mineralogy, soil texture and base saturation was also calculated. The changes in mineralogy compared favorable to data. Modeled historic weathering rates were