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Uppsatsen har analyserat beskattning av inkomster från illegala verksamheter i förhållande till rättsliga principer. Rättspraxis visar att inkomster från verk-samheter med illegala inslag kan beskattas utifrån neutralitetsprincipen och likformighetsprincipen, där alla inkomster oavsett ursprung ska beskattas. Rättspraxis på området är dock inte entydig då domstolen i andra avgöranden har kommit tiThe essay has analyzed the taxation of income from illegal activities in relation to legal principles. Case law demonstrates that income from activities with illegal elements can be taxed based on the principles of neutrality and equality, where all income, regardless of origin, should be subject to taxation. Howev-er, case law in this area is not consistent, as courts in other rulings have con-cl

Denna studie undersöker relationen mellan svenska fotbollssupportrar och polisen, med fokus på hur denna dynamik framställs i nyhetsmedier. Genom att analysera två specifika derbyn – Djurgården mot AIK den 28 maj 2023 och Hammarby mot Djurgården den 22 oktober 2024 – tillämpas teorier som framinganalys och social identitetsteori för att förstå medias roll i att forma narrativ. Studien identifierar

Statssuveränitet har länge varit en central princip i folkrätten, men dess tolk-ning och tillämpning har varierat stort genom historien: från romarrikets ius gentium till vår moderna folkrätt har många förändringar skett ekonomiskt, politiskt, kulturellt och inte minst rättsligt. En av de mest intressanta tidspe-rioderna i statssuveränitetens utveckling skedde mellan upprättandet av Nat-ionernas FThe principle of state sovereignty has long been a central principle in public international law, but its interpretation and application have varied greatly through history. One of the most interesting time periods for the develop-ment of state sovereignty can be seen between the establishment of the League of Nations and the foundation of the United Nations. The League of Nations was an attempt t

Den här uppsatsen undersöker två pågående folkmordsfall vid ICJ, Gambia v. Myanmar och Sydafrika v. Israel. Uppsatsen använder metoden rationell rekonstruktion för att undersöka deras yttranden i relation till påståenden om folkmord, hur varje ansökan uttrycker sig och hur de utformar ländernas skyl-digheter gentemot både folkmordskonventionen och FN. Varken Gambia el-ler Sydafrika har någon inblaThis essay examines two ongoing genocide cases at the ICJ, The Gambia v. Myanmar and South Africa v. Israel. It uses the method of rational reconstruc-tion to examine their utterances in relation to claims of genocide, how each application expresses itself, and how they frame the countries obligations to-wards both the genocide convention and the UN. Neither The Gambia or South Africa have any inv

Förvaring av tillhörigheter i garderober är en vanligt förekommande avtalssi-tuation mellan konsumenter och näringsidkare. Enligt 1 § första stycket tredje punkten konsumenttjänstlagen är lagen tillämplig på förvaringsavtal, men regleringen av denna avtalstyp är begränsad. Denna uppsats syftar därför till att undersöka behovet av ytterligare lagstiftningsåtgärder avseende förvaringsavtal vid gardeStorage of belongings in facilities such as cloakrooms is a common contractu-al situation between consumers and businesses. According to Section 1, Sub-section 1, Item 3 of the Consumer Services Act, the law applies to storage agreements. However, the regulation of this type of agreement is limited. This thesis therefore aims to examine the need for further legislative measures concerning storage

I uppsatsen utreds vad som förutsätts för ett fungerande informationsutbyte mellan myndigheter. Utifrån svaret på det undersöks huruvida befintliga sekretessbrytande bestämmelser är tillräckliga eller om förslaget om en ny sekretessbrytande bestämmelse behövs såsom den presenteras i det första delbetänkandet för ett förbättrat informationsutbyte som meddelades i september 2024. Undersökningen viThe purpose of this thesis is to investigate what aspects that are significant to achieve a well exchange of information between authorities. Based on that answer the paper analyses whether existing articles that permit an exchange of information despite confidentiality are sufficient, or if there is need of an additional article such as the one that has been suggested in an interim report for an

I svensk rätt har det gjorts försök att definiera uppsåtsbegreppets innebörd i lagtext, men det har ansetts mer lämpligt att låta Högsta domstolen (HD) ta ansvar för denna uppgift. HD har i ett flertal prejudikat resonerat kring uppså-tets nedre gräns, där det rättsfall som idag betraktas som det avgörande för denna gräns är det så kallade ”HIV-fallet” NJA 2004 s. 176. Enligt detta fall utgör likgIn Swedish law, attempts have been made to define the meaning of the con-cept of intent in a legal text, but it has been considered more appropriate to let the Supreme Court take responsibility for this task. In a number of precedents, the Supreme Court has reasoned about the lower limit of intent, where the legal case that is currently regarded as the decisive for this limit is the so-called ‘HIV

Följande uppsats ämnar att utforska privata aktörer i Ryssland, respektive Ungern med syfte att besvara frågeställningen ‘’Vilken roll har privata aktörer när det gäller autokratiseringsprocesser?’’. Målsättningen är dels att förstå privata aktörers inverkan på autokratiseringsprocesser, och undersöka huruvida de främjar, alternativt, motarbetar processen. Dessutom ämnar studien att undersöka den

Denna uppsats analyserar pandemins konsekvenser för demokratiska institutioner genom att applicera teori av Pippa Norris om hur man kan balansera statskapaciteten och demokratiska institutioner i konjunktion med mekanismer för ansvarsutkrävande, maktdelning, antikorruption och transparens för att främja demokratisk motståndskraft under kriser. Resultaten visar att länder med historiskt starka demo

Smartphones are an increasingly important part of our lives. As services that treat sensitive information are found on most modern phones, there is a growing need for security. The common approaches of entering a PIN-code or some pattern when accessing an application on the phone is not necessarily sufficient, as they are vulnerable to different types of attacks. The embedded sensors of modern sma

The discussion of human activities exploiting natural resources and their environmental impact has gained more traction throughout the past decade. Especially the role corporations play in these developments has caused a shift within corporate strategic considerations. As a result, today, many companies assume increasing responsibility to improve their sustainability performance. Large, internatio

Policy makers in most European countries have in recent decades reformed their pension systems with the aim of increasing labor market participation among older workers to solve the problem of an ageing population. The question arises whether delayed retirement is a sustainable solution or if it comes at the cost of certain groups in society. The reasons an individual might choose to retire are no

While there have been numerous research papers defining and discussing high technology startup success, there is a lack of unity what the recipe for success is. Due to lack of market orientation being one of the most common reasons for startup failure, combined with the essentiality of having a strong technology base in a high technology environment, there is an interest to study their intersectio

This Master's thesis sheds light on influential actors in global regimes. Following the concept of Fuenfschilling & Binz (2018), it aims to answer the question of how global regime rationalities diffuse and where they develop. Based on global elite literature, a new conceptual perspective of studying diffusion of global regime rationalities is introduced. The framework focuses on interlock

Several studies and actors have emphasized the role of Renewable Energy Communities as collective citizen initiatives enhancing the decentralized, low-carbon energy transition. Despite the social, environmental, and economic benefits, several changes in the energy policies in Germany have led to a decrease of newly registered Renewable Energy Communities. Previous financial measures have failed to

In this thesis we have evaluated methods for doing full-text searches in patent documents. The aim of patent searches is to find evidence and relevant documents when an invalidity search is done on a patent. With three different language models, BOW, SPECTER and SBERT, we have evaluated the results of two different text segmentation methods, greedy sentence split and paragraph split, and two dif

Utbrottet av den globala pandemin våren 2020, inneburit omvälvande förändringar för i stort sett alla människor och verksamheter. Privilegier som fri rörlighet och mötesfrihet har sedan utbrottet bytts ut mot strikta restriktioner i de flesta länder vilket drivit många branscher in i krisläge och därmed förändringsarbete. Fastighetsbranschen är inget undantag. Sedan folkhälsomyndigheten rekommenSince the outbreak of the pandemic early 2020, the world has experienced disruptive change in many of its foundations. Privileges as free movement, the freedom of assembly and simply being able to go to the movies have been replaced by strict local and national policies, limiting humans and companies. The Covid-19 agenda has forced a lot of businesses into crisis mode with transformation as a cons

The way of working of social work administrators assessing the needs of intervention for people with physical or mental disabilities was examined, in two middle-sized Swedish municipal settings. Also their opinions about the organization´s need to stay efficient and cost-effective was examined. Aim: Their mindset towards the (LSS) law was studied, how they interpret and apply it´s purposes in the

This thesis evaluates if a countrywide female-related healthcare intervention in 2015 affected Swedish regions’ maternal health outcomes differently due to a decentralized healthcare system. By exploiting regions’ varying budget dedicated to female-related healthcare before the intervention, the size of the budget increase is estimated. Maternal health outcomes before and after the intervention ar

Prostitution is a complex problem, because its surrounding legal and social norms are subject to constant debate across the world. While prostitution is not punishable by law in Sweden, the purchase of sexual services is. The seller of such services, however, cannot assume plaintiff status. The aim of this study is to contribute to a broader understanding of how the design of the law has impacted