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In this thesis, the collapse of dust in a spherically symmetric inhomogeneous universe is studied. This is done using the well-known Lemaître-Tolman-Bondi model for a pressureless perfect fluid. The dynamics of the collapse are determined by the solutions to the field equations and the Misner-Sharp equation of motion, and some initial conditions are assumed in order to fix remaining degrees of fre
Psykisk ohälsa har under flera årtionden präglat samhället på många olika sätt. I en rapport gjord av BRÅ (2020) visades det att i relation till dödligt våld är det fyra av tio gärningspersoner som haft kontakt med psykiatrisk vård ett år innan de begått ett brott i Sverige. Flera studier utomlands har beskrivit psykisk ohälsa i relation till våld och hur det hanteras och förebyggs, men i Sverige
Physics-informed neural networks integrate physical laws into machine learning models to solve differential equations. This thesis investigates an inverse physics-informed neural network framework for estimating viscosity in Tetra Pak’s injection molding process, where direct measurements are not possible. By enforcing the Navier-Stokes equations and using sparse velocity and pressure data, a virt
Forskningsfråga: Hur uppfattar unga vuxna en normbrytande tonalitet ifrån varumärken på sociala medier? Syfte: Syftet med studien är att förstå hur kommunikationen uppfattas och vilka reaktioner unga vuxna får, samt vilka följder som konsumtion och image det får. Metod: Kvalitativ metod i form av semistrukturerade intervjuer med unga vuxna (18-25 år), kompletterad med utvalda inlägg från DuolingResearch question: How do young adults perceive a norm-breaking tone of voice from brands on social media? Purpose: The purpose of the study is to understand how the communication is perceived, what reactions it evokes from young adults, as well as what consequences it has for consumption and brand image. Methodology: A qualitative method in the form of semi-structured interviews with young adul
The empirical prediction of outcomes in competitive sports, particularly basketball, remains a complex challenge due to inherent game variability and the difficulty in discerning replicable strategic adaptations from random fluctuations, especially in the case of unexpected results ("upsets"). This thesis addresses this by introducing and evaluating novel features designed to enhance the
In today's day and age, the media has grown to become a central part of our lives. People can now communicate anonymously and without any boundaries. Though this opens many opportunities, it can additionally contribute to an online climate that results in various problematic outcomes, one being violence against women. Online forums are one arena where users can anonymously discuss subjects tha
International mobility programs have long served as tools to achieve economic and diplomatic objectives. In alignment with the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), there is an increasing emphasis on scholarship programs and education as means to build capacity and reduce poverty. The Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency (Sida) reflects this shift through several bilateral resea
This study investigates the ethical and legal implications of artificial intelligence (AI) in the Swedish music industry, emphasizing the issues it presents to copyright law. As AI technologies progressively enable the automated generation of musical content, enduring legal principles such as authorship, ownership, and ethical rights are being questioned in ways that conventional copyright framewo
This study aims to map the extent of automation in the processing of social assistance in Swedish municipalities and examine whether client satisfaction differs between municipalities with and without automation. A quantitative method was used, drawing on secondary data from the National Board of Health and Welfare and Kolada, where client survey results from the Swedish Association of Local Autho
Introduction: During the crosslinking process of high voltage cables, by-products are formed that affect the electrical properties of the cables, therefore these must be detected and quantified to improve manufacturing of high voltage cables. Background: Understanding conduction mechanism and insulation systems is essential for improving cable performance and preventing failures in high voltage d
The rise of right-wing populism in Western democracies has been accompanied by a backlash against gender equality and a nostalgia for a return to traditional gender roles; a movement known as anti-feminism. The Alternative for Germany (AfD), a far-right political party in Germany, is also linked to this movement by attacking advances in gender equality and LGBTQ+ rights in its political discourse.
This thesis investigates textile production in Viking Age Iceland. While in the past two decades a significant amount of research has been done on the textiles that have been recovered during archaeological excavations, research on the textile production itself remains underexplored. Current thinking assumes that production followed a standard household-based model across Iceland, but this interpr
In an increasingly globalized and digitized economy, goodwill—the intangible value linked to a company’s reputation, customer trust, and market position—is a central asset for businesses. However, this value is at risk of being rapidly threatened by unfair use and free-riding on reputation, especially through the growing trade of counterfeit goods online. This thesis examines the legal possibiliti
This thesis explores how global organizations adapt their communication strategies across different cultural contexts, using Coca-Cola as a case study. Focusing on marketing campaigns in the Middle East and South Africa, the research investigates how Coca-Cola tailors its messaging to align with local cultural values while maintaining a consistent global brand identity. Through a qualitative conte
Denna uppsats undersöker de rättsliga förutsättningarna för att kostnader som syftar till att stärka goodwill genom sponsring, Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) eller forskning och utveckling (FoU) kan klassificeras som avdragsgilla enligt inkomstskattelagen (IL). Särskild vikt läggs vid tolkningen av huvudregeln i 16 kap. 1 § IL, där avdragsrätt medges för kostnader som syftar till att förvärThis thesis examines the legal conditions under which expenses aimed at strengthening a company’s goodwill through sponsorship, Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), or Research and Development (R&D) may be classified as deductible under the Swedish Income Tax Act (IL). Particular attention is given to the relationship between the general rule on deductibility in Chapter 16, Section 1 IL and
Swedish environmental, health, and food inspection is heavily decentralised to a municipal level. These municipalities share the same laws and have little authority to write their own policies regarding these subjects. This should logically lead to the de facto policies looking similar from municipality to municipality. However, there could exist other forces that affect the policies from a non-le
Image classification systems have been widely applied in smartphones, industrial inspection, and automated devices. However, in real-world scenarios, existing classifiers often produce inconsistent or incorrect predictions due to factors such as image degradation, inter-class similarity, and model instability, thereby reducing the overall performance of the system. To address these issues and enha
Svenska staten har förlorat mångmiljardbelopp i skatteintäkter årligen på grund av så kallade räntesnurror där företag inom en intressegemenskap lånar pengar. Räntekostnaderna får dras av i Sverige och tas sedan upp av företag i länder som är lågbeskattade eller saknar inkomstskatt för räntor. Skatteverket lyckades inte neka avdrag med hjälp av lagen mot skatteflykt, och därför infördes 2008 ränteThe Swedish state has lost billions of kronor in tax revenue every year because of so-called interest‐stripping arrangements in which companies within the same group lend money to one another. The interest expenses are deducted in Sweden and then reported by companies located in low-tax jurisdictions or in jurisdictions that levy no income tax on interest. When the Swedish Tax Agency could not ref
This thesis examines how Palestinian grassroots resistance in Masafer Yatta, the occupied West Bank, is affected by Israeli military occupation and how this reshapes the emotional geographies of the region. Focusing on space and territory, it analyses how Israeli state and settler strategies of displacement, surveillance and fragmentation are met by Palestinian community practices of Sumud (steadf
Feedback är den mest effektiva strategi en lärare kan använda sig av i undervisningen. Särskilt inom matematiken där elevers prestationer har sjunkit i åratal. I skolan ska elever dock utveckla inte bara ämneskunskaper utan även de sociala regler, normer och som personer. Genom fallstudie granskas hur tre lärare använder sig av feedback och elevernas upplevelser. Detta resulterar i huvudsakligen ä
