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Since 2008, the European Union requires the candidate and neighbourhood countries to undertake reforms in the field of citizens’ rights, including protection of minorities in order to give their nationals access to the Schengen area for the short-term stays. However, within the visa liberalisation procedure, the European Union has demonstrated ambivalence in monitoring the implementation of these

In 2017, the course literature pertaining to a course on political science at Lund University was changed due to the university’s gender equality policy. This happened in opposition to the lecturer’s will which caused a debate. The paper uses this case to explore the relation between academic freedom and gender equality in a discursive context. The aim is to identify how the debaters understand ac

The landscape in global international economic relations has experienced major upheavals during the past decade. On the one hand, major economic powers abandon the principles of multilateralism and open trade, on the other, emerging players like China increasingly gain influence, firmly advancing their interests with extensive projects such as the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI). The EU, rightly se

Kazakhstan is a middle-income country which is going through the global phenomena of nutritional transition. One of the characteristics of the transition is increase in red meat consumption associated with growing incomes. Public Health diseases and environmental challenges caused by the transition are starting to take place in the country. Plant based diet is recognized and suggested as a sustain

The U.S. decision to partner with the Kurdish militia YPG to combat ISIS in Syria has caused its longstanding ally Turkey to align with Russia and Iran, and risks doing permanent damage to the NATO-alliance, ostensibly to the detriment of U.S. national interests. Taken at face value, this seems to contradict standard notions in neo-realist theory about state behavior. Given this seeming paradox, a

This thesis is an analysis of the reform in the judicial system in Albania done recently. This thesis will examine how much closer or distant is Albania to open negotiations with the EU to achieve integration. The reform in the justice system which is required by the EU as part of the political criteria that Albania has to fulfil in respect to the Copenhagen. Everything from the way the reform is

Stigma of pregnant and mothering adolescents is linked to socially constructed gender roles and sexual identities, ideals of motherhood, and stigma of adolescent sexual activity. As such, it constitutes an adolescent sexual and reproductive health issue. It is a contributing factor to several negative consequences related to adolescent pregnancy, such as advert health outcomes, lower educational a

Sverige är ett av världens ledande länder när det gäller export av krigsmateriel, och exporterar till såväl demokratier som icke-demokratier. Denna uppsats ämnar undersöka hur Sveriges export av krigsmateriel är förenlig med landets åtaganden för bevarandet och skyddandet av de mänskliga rättigheterna på den internationella arenan genom att studera exporten till Förenade Arabemiraten, Norge och US

“A kinder form of state” is what Arend Lijphart called democracies in which proportional electoral systems had been adopted, since these states gave priority to welfare, climate protection and foreign aid in greater extent compared to democracies that had adopted a majoritarian electoral system. In fact, some of the results from Lijpharts research about the effects of proportional electoral system

During the spring of 2019 a debate arised in Swedish politics regarding returning IS-fighters and if they should be allowed to retain their Swedish citizenship. With a normative analysis, the essay answers how the Swedish government ought to act from a normative standpoint. This is done from the viewpoint of social contract theory, where the possession of a citizenship is equated to being a part o

As immigration and integration have become more important to Swedes in recent years, rising to the third most important election question in the 2018 election, the question of national identity has also risen as a topic of interest in Sweden. A heated national debate on what constitutes a Swedish identity raged in 2015-16. No clear consensus has been reached, but many contemporary commentators has

This paper discusses primarily the schism between the European Commission and Berlin around the controversial pipeline Nord Stream II. The paper both analyses German and the European Union’s argument about Natural Gas in a somewhat general sense and in respect to Russia in particular. The paper also tries to bring clarity into why Europe is so indecisive when it comes to energy policies and argues

Varför försvinner Brun gräsfjäril och andra fjärilar? Många fjärilar minskar idag på grund av att deras livsmiljöer blir alltmer sällsynta, till exempel då ängsmarker planteras igen med barrträd. Därför har många arter blivit hotade och kan komma att försvinna inom en snar framtid. Genom att studera de fjärilar som ännu inte har blivit utrotade kan man stoppa utrotningen. Vi måste hejda förluste

Bakgrund: Den 1 januari 2018 trädde en ny lag i kraft som förkortar vårdtiden i slutenvården och låter patienten rehabiliteras i sin hemmiljö. Patientnära vård och rätt resurser är en förutsättning för att detta ska fungera. I nuläget saknas det dock forskning som undersöker den nya lagen och hur den påverkar kommunanställda arbetsterapeuters arbetssituation. Syfte: Att undersöka kommunanställda aBackground: A new law was passed on January 1, 2018 reducing inpatient care in favor of home-based rehabilitation. Implementation of this law requires a correct allocation of resources and close contact with patients. However, there is a lack of research exploring the impact of the new law on community occupational therapists work situation. Purpose: To examine how community occupational therapist

Uppsatsens syfte är att undersöka Sveriges möjligheter att verka för ambitiösa styrmedel för minskad klimatpåverkan från internationellt flyg inom FN:s flygorgan ICAO. Det undersöks utifrån införandet av klimatkompensationssystemet CORSIA. Studien visar att Sverige som mindre stat har begränsade möjligheter att påverka de internationella förhandlingarna. Tillsammans med övriga europeiska länder haIn this study, Sweden’s role in the negotiations towards managing greenhouse gas emissions from international aviation in the UN specialized agency International Civil Aviation Organisation (ICAO) is analysed. In 2016, ICAO decided to implement an emissions offsetting mechanism for international aviation, called CORSIA (Carbon Offsetting and Reduction System for International Aviation). CORSIA has

Kvinnor i arbetarklassen är på flera sätt särskilt osynliggjorda i dagens Sverige. Den sociala mobiliteten, i form av klassresor, ses som ett ideal och lyfts ofta fram. Mitt syfte är att genom individuella berättelser försöka förstå bakomliggande faktorer till att inte göra en klassresa ur ett kvinnligt arbetarperspektiv; den inställda klassresan. Detta görs genom kvalitativa djupintervjuer med kv

Hur presenteras momentet språkhistoria i läroböcker för elever i gymnasieskolan? Vilka likheter och skillnader finns i läroböckernas avsnitt om momentet? Görs det kopplingar till andra ämnen? Denna studie undersöker tre vanliga läroböcker som används i gymnasieskolan, för att få svar på ovanstående frågor. Undersökningen gjordes med hjälp av fyra olika metoder för textanalys, där fokus för analyse

Varje år köps ca 13,5 kg textil per person i Sverige varav 7,6 kg går till energiåtervinning via restavfallet. Att tillverka textilier kräver mycket resurser och bidrar till stora utsläpp. För att kunna ta tillvara på dessa kasserade textilier krävs insamlingssystem som bibehåller textilens kvalité, så att de kan återanvändas eller återvinnas istället för att förbrännas. Denna studie syftar till aAbout 13.5 kg of textile per person are consumed in Sweden each year, of which 7.6 kg goes to energy recovery through the residual waste. Manufacturing textiles requires a lot of resources and contributes to large emissions. In order to make use of the discarded textiles, collection systems are required that maintain the quality of the textile. This allows them to be reused or recycled instead of

The purpose of this thesis is to investigate what the blockchain technology is and how it can be used to store digital certificates. Blockchain has gotten lots of attention since it was presented in 2008 for the digital currency Bitcoin. Certificates are present in many different industries. The work done in this thesis has an exploratory approach. The work performed consists of a case study and