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Background Lower limb conditions (LLCs) are a major cause of pain, disability, and loss of livelihood globally, yet their prevalence and functional impacts in low- and middle-income countries, including Nepal, remain poorly described. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional, community-based survey in three Nepali districts representing plains, hills, and mountains. Of 2525 screened households, the

Over the past several centuries, the Baltic Proper harbour porpoise (Phocoena phocoena) has undergone significant population declines, resulting in its current IUCN classification as critically endangered. While conservation efforts are extensive and multinational, the population's abundance has only been estimated once (SAMBAH Project, 2011–2013). Ad hoc historical sources and the sub-fossil arch

Methane is emitted from a range of anthropogenic and natural sources, and identifying these sources is important for emissions monitoring and mitigation. Different sources emit methane with different isotopic signatures. However, these signatures can vary spatially and temporally and are often not well understood. Top-down inverse methods can be used with measurements of methane mole fractions to

Cancer progression is profoundly influenced by the dynamic interactions between cancer cells and their surrounding tumour microenvironment (TME). A defining feature of the TME is the progressive remodelling of the extracellular matrix (ECM), which becomes stiffer and structurally altered during disease progression. These changes regulate cell behaviour and contribute to tumour growth, invasion and

Epidemiological studies suggest an association between Parkinson’s disease (PD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), yet the molecular programs potentially linking these disorders remain poorly defined. Here, we integrated curated disease-gene resources with publicly available blood transcriptomic datasets to identify shared molecular features across PD and UC. We identified 320 shared signature genes and

Research concerning digital engagement among older adults frequently frames technology use in terms of access deficiencies and skill gaps and emphasises the need for training and inclusion initiatives. Additional research underscores how self-efficacy, ageism, COVID-19 and the emergence of assistive technologies influence everyday adoption practices. This chapter builds upon these perspectives whi

The APOE locus is the strongest genetic factor for Alzheimer’s disease, with ε4 increasing and ε2 decreasing risk, yet the basis of these opposing effects remains unclear. Here we performed a multicohort proteomic analysis across plasma and cerebrospinal fluid in GNPC, BioFINDER-2, ADNI, UK BioBank, and PPMI. APOE-associated protein alterations are detectable before amyloid pathology and remain st

Understanding and controlling light-driven electronic processes at the nanometer scale is important for the continued development of next-generation optoelectronic devices, energy-efficient information processing, and emerging neuromorphic systems. This thesis investigates light-matter interactions in nanoscale systems across a broad range of timescales, from femtosecond plasmon dynamics to molecu

We present the combined JWST/NIRSpec/G395H and NIRISS/SOSS transmission spectrum of a warm mini-Neptune, TOI-1130 b (3.66 R⊕, 19.8 M⊕, and Teq ∼ 825 K). It is part of a rare and unique multiplanet system, TOI-1130, which hosts an inner mini-Neptune and an outer hot Jupiter locked in a 2:1 mean motion resonance. From the transmission spectrum of TOI-1130 b we detect multiple molecules—H2O (7.5σ), C

OBJECTIVES: To explore the possible effects of intensive care follow-up visits and diaries on patients physical and psychosocial problems at 2, 6, and 12 months after unit discharge as well as the patient' experiences of follow-up visits and diaries.METHODS: A descriptive and explorative cohort design. Patients (n = 441) with a length of ICU stay for ≥24 hours, who responded to the 3-set 4P questi

Doughnut Economics has become an important model for planning, often assumed to offer a better, more sustainable approach. This article engages with such assumptions by critically interrogating the radical potential of doughnut planning. It does this through examining the doughnut diagram, which conceptualizes core ideas of Doughnut Economics, and by relating these to discussions in planning. The

This project addresses the precision challenges in robot–human handover processes, particularly in surgical environments. Two different approaches are explored: (1) learning from a few human demonstrations with hand and instrument tracking and (2) collecting data from remotely controlled robot movements using a joystick or VR system. The aim is to achieve precise, natural handovers without requiri

In numerical combustion research, accurate chemical reaction mechanisms for heavy hydrocarbons are essential to investigate the flame dynamics of sustainable aviation fuels (SAF) relative to conventional jet fuels. However, accounting for hundreds or thousands of reactions makes finite-rate chemistry (FRC) large-eddy simulations (LES) impractical for realistic engineering scenarios. Here, a multid

Sufficiency policies address unsustainable consumption and production patterns by promoting ways of living and economies that prioritize “enough” over “more,” reducing resource use while safeguarding fundamental human needs. Public support is crucial for the effective implementation of sufficiency policies, yet empirical research on citizens' preferences and their underlying mechanisms remains sca

Multiple choice question tests are often the gateway to important professional outcomes. We study gender differences in willingness to guess among highly skilled and trained candidates in a high stakes multiple choice question test, before and after a reduction in the number of alternative answers to each question, lowering the penalty for incorrect answers to the critical value, i.e, the one yiel

Background: PERK (Protein kinase R-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase), encoded by EIF2AK3, is a key ER stress sensor that regulates protein synthesis and the unfolded protein response (UPR). Its dysregulation is linked to cancer development and progression. This study investigated EIF2AK3/PERK expression across 28 tumour types (n = 7,251) and their matched normal adjacent tissues (NATs; n = 667) f