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This bachelor thesis aims to shed light on the different developments in citizenship policies that has taken place in Sweden and Austria during the 20th and 21st century. In this effort I use Sara Goodman's theory on citizenship policy orientation- which relies heavily on the method of historical institutionalism - to explain why countries develop including/restrictive citizenship traditions.
The Kyoto Protocol’s Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) is a market-based attempt to mitigate global greenhouse gas emissions. At the same time, the mechanism is said to contribute to sustainable development in the Global South. This essay examines the forestry sector of the CDM, with the aim to illuminate the problematic nature of letting the market solve climate issues. By approaching the case fr
The aim of this thesis is to study the security concept presented in official speeches held by former Chinese president Hu Jintao and current president Xi Jinping in order to determine how their understanding of the security concept has affected Chinese politics during the years 2009-2016. It uses relevant security theory in order to explore different security ideals, and regime theory to understa
This thesis aims to study the representation of gender aspects in health policies from an international level down to regional Swedish level to see if the gendered perspective is present. It also aims to see how the Swedish region Gävleborg with their policy work can create possibilities for gender equality in health development. A feminist post structural theory and a policy analysis together wit
This paper highlights new challenges to Sweden’s psychological defense, brought on by new information and communication technology which by its nature divides society. By evaluating older theories regarding framing, the paper finds that not only the way information is spread but also the social practice in connection to it is changed by the decentralizing aspects of modern information technologies
Protesting against human rights violations is dangerous. Worldwide, human rights defenders are subject to violations ranging from harassment to murder. One way in which human rights defenders are silenced is through the misuse of the national judicial system where it is employed to punish human rights defenders for their work. Vague laws contribute to making this possible because they obfuscate th
How is the American security concept discursive constructed by the presidential candidates Hillary Clinton and Donald Trump during the election campaign 2016? By utilizing a discourse- theoretical analysis and a poststructural feminist perspective, the aim of this study is to explore how gender constructions operate in the discursive construction of the American security concept. The analysis is b
The aim of this thesis is to investigate whether tort liability claims against public authorities for breaches of the ECHR can be defined as a constitutional right in Swedish law. The theoretical definition of what constitutes a constitutional right is constructed through elements of Robert Alexy’s A Theory of Constitutional Rights. The theory is applied on the current applicable law regarding the
Problem med ordningsstörningar förekommer vid idrottsarrangemang och drabbar både idrotten och enskilda då det gör idrottsarenor till en osäker plats att besöka. För att komma till rätta med problemen har ett antal åtgärder vidtagits men inte lyckats stävja den negativa utvecklingen. Trots att det finns förbud mot ordningsstörningar och otillåten pyroteknikanvändning och möjligheter för polis och Problems with disturbances at sports arrangements is affecting both the game itself and the visitors at the events since it makes the stadiums an unsafe place to visit. A number of actions has been taken to manage the problems but has not been able to curb the negative trend. Although there is a prohibition against public disturbances and the use of pyrotechnics coupled with the fact that the poli
This thesis examines and discusses the relationship between social capital and bullying in Swedish schools. The study is based on two hypotheses built on inspiration from the social capital scientists Robert D. Putnam and Bo Rothstein. Both hypotheses aim to explain how social capital is created, and may affect the level of bullying in school. The study is conducted through two separate comparativ
This thesis looks at the role played by racial threat mechanisms in the persistence of felon disenfranchisement laws across the 50 American states. The US has a long history of disenfranchising its felons, and the motivations behind implementation of these laws has been mixed. The analysis employs two main theoretical frameworks: one of racial threat as an activating mechanism of mass opinion, as
This thesis will through qualitative content analysis and feminist methods study if the presence of female peacekeepers can prevent abuses conducted by the UN peacekeeping personnel against the local population in peacekeeping missions. This study is important as it asks to investigate a solution on how to prevent sexual exploitation and abuse. Moreover, the purpose of this paper is to understand
Syftet med regleringen av offentlig upphandling inom unionsrätten är att upprätthålla konkurrens och fri rörlighet på den inre marknaden inom Europeiska unionen. För att uppnå detta syfte finns ett grundläggande krav i upphandlingslagstiftningen på att offentliga kontrakt ska konkurrensutsättas genom annonsering. Trots det kan upphandlande myndigheter under vissa givna förutsättningar frångå kraveThe purpose of the regulation of public procurement in Community law is to maintain competition and free movement in the internal market within the European Union. To achieve this purpose it is a fundamental requirement of procurement legislation that public contracts must be subject to competition through prior publication of a contract notice. Nevertheless, contracting authorities are, under cer
Denna uppsats har särskilt inriktat sig på bedömningen av samtycke (eller frivillighet) och dess betydelse vid gränsdragningen mellan brottet våldtäkt mot barn och det mindre allvarliga brottet sexuellt utnyttjande av barn. I förarbetena uttalas att om gärningen är fullständigt frivillig och ömsesidig och barnet med hänsyn till sin utveckling och övriga omständigheter haft förmåga att bedöma och tThis paper has specifically focused on the assessment of consent (or voluntariness) and its importance in regards to the demarcation between the offence rape of a child and the less serious offence sexual exploitation of a child. In the preparatory work it is expressed that if the offence was completely voluntary and reciprosal and the child considering it’s development and other circumstances, ha
This thesis examines the role of ideas about Sweden affecting Norwegian asylum and immigration policy more specifically the decision to close the borders on November 24th 2015. The paper provides a deeper understanding of how media descriptions of Sweden affected Norwegian decision-makers. The Norwegian government were afraid that the asylum seekers previously headed for Sweden would turn to Norwa
The inability of the Security Council to consistently apply The Responsibility to Protect has drawn criticism towards the council, accusing it of a western bias. If true, this could prove a serious dent in the UN’s ambition to maintain international peace and security according to the seventh chapter of the UN charter. The aim of this study is to compare and analyze different conflicts in order to
Drawing on post-political theory the thesis explores the changes in the role of politics within the framework of the Swedish governmental commissions. The findings of the thesis show that the function of politics in the Swedish governmental commissions has shifted from a means to achieve consensus through the creation of policy despite the antagonistic nature of the political to a means to exclude
This thesis’ focus is upon accountability in a compacting governance context – the VSOPP-collaboration between the nonprofit organization Stadsmissionen and the public authority Region Skåne. Previous research has indicated that a collaborating governance context might either challenge traditional aspects of accountability or bring about non-traditional and horizontal aspects of accountability. Th
The national plebiscite in Colombia regarding the peace agreement between the government and FARC (Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia) was held on October 2nd 2016 and was suprisingly won by the No-side with a minimum of votes resulting in a rejection of the current peace deal. Yet, a majority of the Colombian people did not show up at the polls to vote. Less than 40% of the electorates actual
This essay discusses climate adaption within two municipalities in Sweden. It is a comparative discourse analysis between Kristianstad and Vellinge and their climate adaption programs. It poses the question of how and to what extent different social groups are considered in the climate adaption documents. Through using Fairclough’s three dimensional model of analysis on policy documents, this essa
