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This article examines the emerging decline in international research collaboration, especially between China and the United States, and asks whether we are entering a new era of globally fragmented science. While US–China coauthorship is decreasing, European trends are more uneven. Drawing on bibliometric data and institutional analysis, the authors argue that growing political constraints and ins
Quark spin effects in hadronization were recently included in the PYTHIA 8 Monte Carlo event generator for the simulation of the deep inelastic scattering (DIS) process off a polarized proton or neutron target. The spin effects were activated via the external StringSpinner package, which is based on the string+P03 model of polarized hadronization, and were restricted to the production of pseudosca
Insurance can encourage the use of risk-increasing inputs, but it can also decrease people's incentives to exert effort when the latter is difficult to monitor. This effort reduction can be associated with a decrease in the use of effort-complementary inputs. I study a model of risk-sharing that allows for both effects of insurance on input use and use the latest ICRISAT panel to structurally esti
Small-angle neutron scattering is used to study the exchange bias effect in Mn50Ni40Sn10. The martensitic transformation is found to be responsible for the nanometer-scale spin clusters (SCs) inside the low-temperature ferromagnetic (FM) martensite phase. The magnetic field dependences of the SCs and FM domains exhibit an asymmetry that characterizes the exchange bias. We find that the surface geo
The significance of neutron spin adiabaticity in the data analysis of polarized Grazing Incidence Small Angle Neutron Scattering (GISANS) is discussed, with the aim of minimizing the number of simulation parameters of complex magnetic models within the neutron scattering cross-section. We illustrate how an estimate of the neutron polarization direction and adiabaticity can be obtained by magnetic
To meet the ever-increasing user demand, eleven of the fifteen European Spallation Source (ESS) instruments under construction aim to offer polarised neutrons for user experiments. They include an imaging instrument, a SANS instruments, two reflectometers, three diffractometers, and four spectrometers. In conjunction with in-kind contributions and instrumentation grants, the ESS Polarisation Proje
In view of Stuart Hall’s challenge issued in the wake of the 1985 Broadwater Farm riots, this essay aims to locate issues of precarity, racial injustice and rights in Alex Wheatle’s East of Acre Lane (2001) and The Dirty South (2008). Set on council estates in urban areas of London in 1981 and the early 2000s, respectively, these two novels represent and respond to continual legacies of colonialis
M.P.T. Acharya (1887–1954) was a contemporary and critic of Mohandas Gandhi during the Indian Independence Movement. A lifetime of anticolonial struggle led him to embrace anarchism and he saw tremendous revolutionary potential the practice of nonviolent direct action. A transnational figure, Acharya engaged in anticolonial activism across India, Europe, the United States, and Russia. He was also
A collection of essays from a diverse group of writers originally published in the Dutch anti-militarist journal, "De Wapens Neder" (1935). Through their writing, these anarchist and socialist writers from Europe, Algeria, India, Japan, and the United States connected the struggles against fascism and imperialism in East Asia and Europe with anti-colonial struggles in India and Africa and the Afri
Contemporary events have highlighted important connections between technology, globalization and cultural production. Information technologies in particular have impacted the global commodification of information and have led to the significant erosion of national boundaries – for example, through Internet forums and self-broadcasting. Access to these technologies has influenced local and global iden
Value creation is central to entrepreneurship. Within social entrepreneurship research, value is discussed in relation to impact assessment as either pertaining to the thing assessed or dependent on the assessor. T hese are two perspectives that are blind to the value creation effects of the impact assessment process itself. Following pragmatist developments in the sociology of valuation, the arti
