Energy transitions are at the top of global agendas in response to the growing challenges of climate change and international conflict, with the EU positioning itself as playing a pivotal role in addressing climate risks and sustainability imperatives. European energy transition policies identify ‘smart consumption’ as a key element of these efforts, which have previously been explored from a pred

Background Direct cell reprogramming is characterized by the use of defined factors to rewire the transcriptional and epigenetic network of one cell-type into one of a different lineage. We have recently identified the transcription factors PU.1, IRF8, and BAFT3 (PIB) as sufficient to induce a type 1 conventional dendritic cell (cDC1) fate in both somatic and cancer cells.1,2 cDC1 is a rare dendri

BACKGROUND: Segmenting the whole-body somatostatin receptor-expressing tumour volume (SRETVwb) on positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) images is highly time-consuming but has shown value as an independent prognostic factor for survival. An automatic method to measure SRETVwb could improve disease status assessment and provide a tool for prognostication. This study aimed to dev

The COVID-19 pandemic was a global health, social and housing crisis. Citylockdowns, stay-at-home and social distancing requirements were preventiverestrictions increasing residents’ loneliness in regular housing stock. Collaborative housing is an alternative community-led housing form where people live in complete apartments whilst sharing common spaces and resources, enabling socializing and mut

Five novel xylosides tagged with the fluorescent probe Pacific Blue™ were synthesized and found to act as substrates for β4GalT7, a bottleneck enzyme in the biosynthetic pathways leading to glycosaminoglycans. By confocal microscopy of A549 cells, we showed that the xylosides were taken up by the cells, but did not enter the Golgi apparatus where most of the glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis occurs.

A new aromatic pair, 2-hydroxy-6-methoxybenzamide/1-methylpyrrole at the terminal position of hairpin polyamides has been designed for distinguishing T·A from A·T base pairs and both from G·C/C·G in the minor groove of DNA. Four eight-ring hairpin polyamides with benzamide (Bz), 2-hydroxybenzamide (Hb-1), 2-hydroxy-6-methylbenzamide (Hb-2), and 2-hydroxy-6-methoxybenzamide (Hb-3) at the N-terminal

Virtually complete regioselective galactosylation of the diol acceptor p-methoxyphenyl 6-O-benzyl-2-deoxy-2-tetrachlorophthalimido-β-D- glucopyranoside (8) with the donor phenyl 2,3,4-tri-O-acetyl-6-O-benzyl-1- thio-β-D-galactopyranoside (11) gave the lactosamine derivative 14, which was fucosylated with the donor 15 to give the Le(x) trisaccharide glycoside 2 after deprotection. Regioselective si

Virtually complete regioselective galactosylation of the diol acceptor p-methoxyphenyl 6-O-benzyl-2-deoxy-2-tetrachlorophthalimido-β-D- glucopyranoside (15) with the donors ethyl 3,4-di-O-acetyl-6-O-benzyl-2- deoxy-2-[[(2,2,2-trichloroethoxy)carbonyl]amino]-1-thio-β-D- galactropyranoside (14), 4-methylphenyl 2,3-di-O-acetyl-4-azido-6-O-benzyl- 4-deoxy-1-thio-β-D-galactopyranoside (30), and 4-methy

Pain is common in life and can be caused by trauma or underlying disease and is mostly temporary, but for some the pain can develop into a chronic pain condition. Pain leads to individual suffering as well as negative impact on the wider society. Especially since pain can start early in life and affect large parts of it. The aim of this thesis was to identify potential risk factors for chronic and

Background: Plaque analysis with coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) is a promising tool to identify high risk of future coronary events. The analysis process is time-consuming, and requires highly trained readers. Deep learning models have proved to excel at similar tasks, however, training these models requires large sets of expert-annotated training data. The aims of this study were

Vertebrates capable of powered flight rely on wings, muscles that drive their flapping and sensory inputs to the brain allowing for control of the motor output. In birds, the wings are formed of arrangements of adjacent flight feathers (remiges), whereas the wings of bats consist of double-layered skin membrane stretched out between the forelimb skeleton, body and legs. Bird feathers become worn f

Definitive hematopoiesis emerges via an endothelial-to-hematopoietic transition in the aorta-gonad-mesonephros (AGM) region and placenta. We have recently demonstrated the induction of hematopoietic stem/progenitors (HSPCs) from mouse fibroblasts with a combination of transcription factors progressing through endothelial-like precursors. Here, guided by our in vitro programming experiments we anal

Absorption and emission of light is studied theoretically for excited atoms in coherent superposition of states subjected to isolated attosecond pulses in the extreme ultraviolet range. A gauge-invariant formulation of transient absorption theory is motivated using the energy operator from Yang's gauge theory. The interaction, which simultaneously couples both bound and continuum states, is simula