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A criminal career can be either general, with the criminal committing different types of crimes, or specialized, with the criminal committing a specific type of crime. A central problem in the study of crime specialization is to determine, from the perspective of the criminal, which crimes should be considered similar and which crimes should be considered distinct. We study a large set of Swedish
Popular Abstract in Swedish Avhandlingen består av fyra delstudier och är tematiskt uppdelad i två delar. I den första delen undersöker jag vilken betydelse betyget i Gymnastik (nuvarande Idrott & Hälsa) har för framtida sjukdom med fokus på rörelseorganen. I den andra delen undersöker jag vilken betydelse isometrisk muskelstyrka (d.v.s. kraft alstrad utan nämnvärd förkortning av muskeln) har Although Physical Education (PE) is a part of the school curriculum in many countries, the association between the performance in PE and later morbidity is largely unknown. An important marker of health, cardiorespiratory fitness is inversely associated with future cardiovascular disease (CVD) and mortality. It has been suggested that muscle strength is associated in a similar way. However, whethe
Abstract: This thesis consists of four papers related to various aspects of steady water waves. Paper I: Deep-water waves with vorticity: symmetry and rotational behaviour. We show that for steady, periodic, and rotational gravity deep-water waves, a monotone surface profile between troughs and crests implies symmetry. It is observed that if the vorticity function has a bounded derivative, the
Background: The Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy (FACT) is one of the most commonly used self-report instruments for evaluation of health-related quality of life in oncology patients. However, cultural considerations necessitate testing of the subscales in different populations. We sought to qualitatively and quantitatively investigate the applicability and psychometric properties of the Ch
The pro-inflammatory cysteinyl leukotrienes (cysLTs) are implicated in several pathological disorders, such as asthma and inflammatory diseases. The well-established connection between chronic inflammation and cancer implicates inflammatory mediators in cancer progression. It is therefore of interest to examine the effects of the CysLTs in cancer. The biological effects of CysLTs are mediated thro
HAMLET (Human Alpha-lactalbumin Made LEthal to Tumor cells) is a complex of partially unfolded human alpha-lactalbumin and oleic acid that kills many different types of tumor cells and shows therapeutic efficacy in animal models and clinical studies. This thesis aims to (1) elucidate the structure of HAMLET and the exposure of biologically active domains, (2) define the contribution of lipids to t
Background: The Child and Adolescent Twin Study in Sweden (CATSS) is an on-going, large population-based longitudinal twin study. We aimed (1) to investigate the reliability of two different versions (125-items and 238-items) of Cloninger's Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI) used in the CATSS and the validity of extracting the short version from the long version, (2) to compare these person
In Public Reading in Early Christianity: Lectors, Manuscripts, and Sound in the Oral Delivery of John 1-4 Dan Nässelqvist investigates the oral delivery of New Testament writings in early Christian communities of the first two centuries C.E. He examines the role of lectors and public reading in the Greek and Roman world as well as in early Christianity. Nässelqvist introduces a method of sound ana
Purpose – Cassava production surged noticeably in Southeastern Africa beginning in the 1990s. The purpose of this paper is to examine the commercial responses and food security consequences of cassava production growth in the region. Design/methodology/approach – The paper incorporates a mix of quantitative analysis, based primarily on original analysis of national farm household survey data, toge
A simple and novel method was used for the preparation of nano-/micro-sized DNA gel particles by nebulisation of a solution of DNA (single-or double-stranded) into an oppositely charged surfactant (cetyltrimethylammonium bromide) or protein (lysozyme, protamine sulfate) solution. The size and size distribution of the particle populations were investigated by means of fluorescence microscopy (FM),
Many novel pharmaceutically active substances are characterized by a high hydrophobicity and a low water solubility, which present challenges for their delivery as drugs. Tablets made from cross-linked hydrophobically modified poly (acrylic acid) (CLHMPAA), commercially available as Pemulen™, have previously shown promising abilities to control the release of hydrophobic model substances. This stu
This is a review of the hip arthroplasty era. We concentrate on new metal bearings, surface replacements, and the lessons not learned, and we highlight recent reports on malignancies and joint implants. A low incidence of blood malignancies has been found in bone marrow taken at prosthetic surgery. The incidence is increased after replacement with knee implants that release very low systemic level
I det moderna samhället är en välplanerad infrastruktur med fungerande transporter och pendling en självklarhet. Transportsystemet har inverkan på fysisk och social miljö och det finns ett stort behov av att minska de negativa effekterna. Förutom tillgänglighet och minskad miljöpåverkan betonas ofta vikten av kostnadseffektivitet. Denna rapport beskriver ett verktyg framtaget inom ramen för HASTA
The last decades of the 10th century saw an upheaval in interregional contacts that shattered old arrangements. Some of the nodes in the network were abandoned. Sigtuna seems to be established in the wake of Birka’s demise, but it took two or three decades before foreign guests found their way on a regular basis. With the structural pre-millennium re-arrangement, negotiations with both Continental
The aims of this thesis where the target population has been older adults suffering from osteoporosis related fractures were firstly to study the association between functional impairment due to pain, and activity expressed as walking speed (WS) and Timed Get up and-Go (TUG), and to examine the associations between functional impairment and social participation (SP) and quality of life (QoL). Seco
The intermetallic compound AuSn is essential for the wetting of Au-rich AuSn solders. On the addition of In or Sb, pseudo-binary compounds AuSn1-x In (x) (x a parts per thousand currency sign 0.33) and AuSn1-y Sb (y) (y a parts per thousand currency sign 0.17) are formed. Both adopt the AuSn structure type (P6(3)/mmc, Z = 2). This single-crystal X-ray diffraction study reveals that there is an abs
Experience with crash prediction modeling has confirmed the importance of traffic volume, not only as exposure but also as a predictive variable. For intersection-related collisions, for example, angle collisions or any collisions involving turning vehicles, traffic volumes on both intersecting roads are necessary for sufficient prediction of crash count These collisions occur not only at intersec
We propose new M-algorithm BCJR (M-BCJR) algorithms for low-complexity turbo equalization and apply them to severe intersymbol interference (ISI) introduced by faster than Nyquist signaling. These reduced-search detectors are evaluated in simple detection over the ISI channel and in iterative decoding of coded FTN transmissions. In the second case, accurate log likelihood ratios are essential and
The dynamic ecosystem model LPJ-GUESS combines sophisticated plant physiological and biogeochemical processes and has been successfully used in predicting vegetation dynamics at different scales. However, the water cycling is limited to vertical water movement between the atmosphere plant-soil. Thus we have developed an enhanced version of LPJ-GUESS (called LPJ-DH) by coupling water routing and la
