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A low phase noise 2.4 GHz voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) with 1 V supply is presented. The VCO is based on the differential negative resistance oscillator with the tail current source replaced by an inductor. The inductor both improves the noise factor of the oscillator and enables maximum voltage swing over the tank. The amplitude limitation which is usually set by the tail current source is
The paper extends the Inequality Possibility Frontier (IPF) approach introduced by Milanovic, Lindert and Williamson (2011) in two methodological directions. It allows the social minimum to increase with the average income of a society, and it derives all the IPF statistics for two other inequality measures than the Gini. Finally, it applies the framework to contemporary data showing that the ineq
Packaging is a fundamental element in logistics systems. It not only affects every logistical activity; it also has a significant impact on logistics costs and performance. In order for packaging and logistics professionals to gain insight into packaging-dependent costs and performance, the interactions between packaging systems and logistics systems must be understood. The presented research prov
In Southern Sweden, production of renewable energy from crop residues digestion is viewed as a worthwhile alternative. Also, the process gives valuable mineralised nitrogen as a by-product, which when produced at farm-scale can be recycled for ecological farming. It is difficult to achieve economic utilisation of crop residues in centralised slurry digestion, mainly because of the greater transpor
Massmedia sometimes report on quarrels, riots or violent escapes in prisons. This book takes the reader behind the headlines in order to present interviewed inmates' and staff members own descriptions and reflections on "jail quarrels". The author shows how the enforced intimacy of modern prisons creates peculiar patterns of both 'fighting mood' and its opposite: containment or 'prison stillness'.
There is much tension between the conception of the press as a private enterprise subject to the logic of the market and the press as an instrument of democracy. One of the broken promises of democracy is the failure of the market in guaranteeing a vigorous political debate. The European Court of Human Rights has ascribed to the press the vital role of Public Watchdog, making it incumbent on it to
Popular Abstract in Swedish Vid radionuklidterapi används ett radioaktivt läkemedel för behandling av vissa sjukdomar, bl.a. struma och vissa tumörsjukdomar. En radionuklidmärkt målspecifik molekyl administreras till patienten och läkemedlet transporteras via blodomloppet till det sjuka området där molekylens egenskaper gör att läkemedlet ansamlas. Den joniserande strålningen som sänds ut från läkRadionuclide therapy (RNT) is a generic term for treatment modalities that use a radionuclide labeled to a target-specific molecule. This so-called radiopharmaceutical accumulates in the target, where the ionizing radiation damages the cells. At sufficient levels of radiation, the cells cannot repair themselves. The quantity of the energy deposited in a target region is referred to as the absorbed
We archaeologists are sensitive to the messages people convey through material culture. In Lund, paving stones carry a powrful message about Lund's 1,000-year-old history. However, paving stones are in fact a fairly recent phenomenon dating from the late 19th century. Thus, paving stones do not represent continuity in the longue duree, but they do represent our idea of what the past was like.
During the last ten years or so, much effort has been spent on developing software architecture by analogy with hardware architecture from where the idea seems to originate. Much of the work has been devoted to specifying standard program units, called components, and their connections. The architecture is then the specific organization of these components and connections. In this paper, I suggest
Popular Abstract in Swedish Denna avhandling baserar sig på de erfarenheter av Internet som ett antal människor med betydande kroppsliga funktionsnedsättningar gjort. Personerna i studierna är erfarna och duktiga dator- och Internetanvändare och har få eller inga funktionshinder i dator och online världen, men däremot stora funktionshinder i den fysiska världen. Deras functioning, förmåga attThis thesis is based on the Internet experiences of people with significant mobility/physical impairments who are proficient and experienced computer users in their computer world but have limitations in mobility that severely restrict their functioning in the physical world. The Internet functioning of this group is analysed by means of the factors attitude, control and enabling, with the m
Många pensionssystem är ohållbara. Sverige är ett av de länder som lyckats genomföra en pensionsreform. Kapitlet ger en politisk-ekonomisk analys av hur detta var möjligt.
Popular Abstract in Swedish För mer än hundra år sedan visade Hofmeister och Lewith att vissa salter har mer eller mindre förmåga att destabilisera ett protein upplöst i vatten. Ungefär samtidigt, visade Arrhenius att salter upplösta i vatten dissocierar i olika joner. Joner är laddade stabila partiklar som är mycket viktiga för stabiliteten av kemiska och biologiska system. Det har under de senasUsing experiments it is rather easy to measure things on the macroscopic length scale, while it is much harder to measure something in the microscopic world like molecular structure. The opposite is true in theoretical chemistry. It is today rather easy to calculate a bond distance or a coordination number, but it is not possible to perform a calculation aiming at the description of macroscopic ph
The first standards based on thermal manikin measurements were developed in the 1980s. In the Nordic countries tests for thermal insulation measurements of sleeping bags and cold protective clothing were developed. Similar standards were published in Germany by DIN and in the US by ASTM. At a European level, EN 342 describes test methods and requirements for cold protective clothing based on manik
