Läkemedelsmarknaden är uppbyggd runt företag, så kallade originalföretag, som utvecklar nya läkemedel och patenterar dessa. Patent är viktigt eftersom det ger originalföretagen en tidsbegränsad monopolistisk marknadsställning. De har därigenom möjlighet att genom stora marknadsvinster få tillbaka investeringarna som gjorts för att ta fram nya läkemedel. Patent ger också incitament till fortsatt foThe pharmaceutical market is based on companies, called originators, who develop new drugs and patent them. Patents are important since they allow the originators a time-limited monopolistic market position. The originators then have the opportunity to enjoy significant market profits to cover the costs for the development of a new drug. Patents are also an incentive for continued research and dev

Some theological schools consider the human conscience to be subordinate as a means to revelation of God’s nature compared to the biblical text. This can lead the reader of these texts to do violence to their own conscience by conforming it to the perceived biblical witness, although the two (the reader’s conscience and the biblical witness) can appear as in stark contrast to one another. A cognit

This paper examines the relationship between population growth and economic growth in the European Union during 1962-2017. By combining earlier research and economic growth theory a combined model is presented, which attempts to capture both positive and negative outcomes of population growth on economic growth. The aim of the study is to contribute to earlier research by focusing on the general e

Skalning och modellering av en kromatografikolonn för rening av sockerlösningar. För att uppnå klimatmålen behöver fossila råvaror inom kemiindustrin bytas ut mot förnybara råvaror. Socker är en råvara med stor potential inom industrin, men är ofta förorenat med salter. Därför utforskas rening av sockerlösningar här. För att använda socker som förnybar råvara för kemiindustri behöver sockret oftaTo utilize sugars as a feedstock for renewable industries, the feedstock often needs to be very pure. This is due to ionic species contaminating the sugar feedstock being potent catalyst poisons in many cases. To remove ionic species from the sugar feedstock, it is dissolved and purified using packed ion-exchange columns. In this report, a lab-scale setup of a large scale ion-exchange setup was co

The overall aim of the study is to create a greater understanding of how individuals belonging to second-generation immigrants feel that their identity is shaped by living in different cultures at the same time. The purpose includes to understand these individuals' experiences of belonging and sense of identity. Furthermore, the purpose is to create a greater understanding of how their experie

Vi lever idag i en unik världsomfattande situation till följd av den snabba och utbredda spridningen av coronaviruset covid-19. Syftet med denna studie var att undersöka psykiskt välmående, oro och medgörlighet bland svenskar i den rådande pandemin. Mer specifikt undersöktes skillnader i dessa variabler mellan Stockholm och flera större svenska städer samt skillnader mellan kön. Dels undersöks skiThe current situation in the world is a unique one, as a result of the rapid and far-reaching spread of the COVID-19 virus. The purpose of this study was to investigate Swedish citizens' mental well-being, worry, and compliance amid the ongoing pandemic. Specifically, differences between Stockholm and other large Swedish cities, and differences between genders were explored, as well as correla

As the digital revolution change how people interact, it becomes integral for all types of industries to understand how these interactions happen. The publishing industry is no exception. This paper analyses how Facebook-groups about literature function when it comes to discussions of value and creation of identity and communities. It is done by examining Facebook-posts from two groups, Litteratur

Ett sätt för företag att legitimera sitt informationssäkerhetsarbete är genom att upprätta ett ledningssystem för informationssäkerhet, även kallat LIS. Genom ett LIS kan ett tydligt värde uppvisas mot kunder och andra intressenter. Ett införande av ett LIS kan däremot påverkas av olika typer av faktorer, exempelvis säkerhetsmedvetenhet, ledningen, kostnad och policys och regelverk. Faktorerna kan

Empirical data of this thesis is based on qualitative methods and answers to the research question: How does branding by actors affiliated with the surfing community enact social inclusion or exclusion? Empirical data demonstrates that branding does not play an essential role in the social inclusiveness of local surfing communities. Not least, marketing communication executed by the biggest repres

I Aktiebolagslagen (2005:551) 21 kap 5§ finner man förvärvslåneförbudet. Förvärvslåneförbudet stipulerar att ett aktiebolag inte får lämna lån, ge förskott eller ställa säkerhet i syfte att mottagaren av detta ska förvärva aktier i det långivande bolaget. De huvudsakliga frågeställningarna i uppsatsen var; hur förhåller sig förvärvslåneförbudet till efterföljande finansiering och minutenlån och huIn the Swedish limited company act chapter 21 section 5 (Aktiebolagslag 2005:551) there is a prohibition that limits the ability to issue loans, give anything in advance or provide collateral with the purpose that the receiver is going to acquire shares in that same company. The main questions of this essay are to bring clarity to the following things. Can the prohibition loans against acquisition

In the light of migration’s popularity as a subject of public and academic interest, this thesis aspires to explore the ways in which contemporary articulation of migration in two politically contrasting settings occurs. Comparative approach not only allows to obtain a more holistic perspective on migration perceived through the prism of regularity but also to identify similarities across the case

The purpose of this paper was to contribute to an increased knowledge of the punitive attitudes of Swedish 18-30 year olds, and more specifically which potential factors could possibly explain why people have the different levels of punitive attitude that they do as, well as how these factors impact people’s level of punitive attitude. The variables that were chosen to be explored further were pol

This bachelor thesis aims to apply an actor oriented social networking theory to analyse a letter collection written by Olga Johnsson, a young Swedish female immigrant to the USA between 1895 and 1900. Its main question is what her social network looked like, what was exchanged within it, and the content and meaning of her social relationships. This approach to "letters from America" has

The purpose of this bachelor thesis was to study the experiences that children had growing up in poor living conditions due to their parent's substance abuse. The children included in this study are in adult age describing their childhood in relation to their parents substance abuse and the effect it had on them. The consequences both short-term and long-term, as well as the mental health of t

The purpose of this study is to examine how the US media has portrayed the Kurdish female fighters in Syria. Since the battle of Kobane the fighters of the Women’s Protection Units (YPJ) have been sensationalised and received immense attention in western news media. Previous research has shown that female combatants are portrayed differently than their male counterparts, and this assumption is the

Purpose The thesis examines the use of Big Data Analytics by audit firms. The purpose of the study is to establish the impact of this new audit technology in practice. Three research questions are developed. The first question investigates how BDA is impacting the audit process. The second research question analyses how the use of BDA is affecting the application of professional judgement by audit

This article takes Shanghai as an example and attempts to empirically investigate the effect of local public goods supply on housing prices and regional differences based on the Tiebout model. The paper uses the panel data of Shanghai's 16 administrative regions from 2010 to 2017. The results confirm that local public goods have a significant positive impact on the overall housing prices in Sh

Studien undersökte vilka bakomliggande faktorer som kan påverka en individs flygvanor, där frågeställningen avsåg att ta reda på om ett förändrat flygbeteende kan förklaras utifrån personlighetsfaktorer, skam eller need for cognition. Data insamlades genom en webbenkät där 107 respondenter deltog, och som berörde frågor samt påståenden gällande personlighetsfaktorer, need for cognition och skamkän