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We study the Pauli operator in a 2-dimensional, connected domain with Neumann or Robin boundary condition. We prove a sharp lower bound on the number of negative eigenvalues reminiscent of the Aharonov-Casher formula. We apply this lower bound to obtain a new formula on the number of eigenvalues of the magnetic Neumann Laplacian in the semiclassical limit. Our approach relies on reduction to a bou
The system size dependence of strangeness production in high-energy collisions was studied using Run 2 data from the ALICE experiment at the LHC. The analysis examines the ratios of strange hadron yields to pion yields as a function of mid-rapidity charged particle multiplicity 〉dNch/dη〈|η|<0.5, offering insights into the mechanisms driving strangeness enhancement across different collision system
The quasiparticle wave function of a many-electron system is traditionally defined as the eigenfunction of the quasiparticle eigenvalue equation involving the self-energy. In this article a different concept of a quasiparticle wave function is derived from the general definition of the Green's function without reference to self-energy. The proposed quasiparticle wave function can decay in time, an
We introduce a novel method for extracting a fragmentation model directly from experimental data without requiring an explicit parametric form, called Histories and Observables for Monte-Carlo Event Reweighting (HOMER), consisting of three steps: the training of a classifier between simulation and data, the inference of single fragmentation weights, and the calculation of the weight for the full h
One of the main challenges as the market for fully commercial electrified vehicles quickly expands is predicting the electromagnetic interference (EMI) in traction voltage systems (TVSs) in differential mode (DM) and common mode (CM). The number of subsystems connected to vehicle TVSs is increasing, and thus, so are the electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) requirements. These requirements should ma
Attosecond microscopy aims to record electron movement on its natural length and time scale. It is a gateway to understanding the interaction of matter and light, the coupling between excitations in solids, and the resulting energy flow and decoherence behavior, but it demands simultaneous temporal and spatial resolution. Modern science has conquered these scales independently, with ultrafast ligh
Background: Right ventricular (RV) function is inadequately investigated and routinely overlooked in transthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy (ATTR-CM). Novel imaging distinguishers between intrinsic RV myocardial disease in ATTR-CM and primary RV overload disorder phenotypes may enhance mechanistic and pathophysiological understanding of RV dysfunction. We aimed to investigate RV performance in ATTR-
Cancer cells survive treatment through mechanisms that remain unclear. This study investigates the chemical changes that occur in cancer cells after treatment, focusing on lipid metabolism as a potential marker for survival and resistance. Using Time-of-Flight Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) and advanced multivariate statistical analysis, we compared the chemical profiles of untreated a
The photon momentum transfer in the one-photon single ionization (1PSI) of helium is theoretically and experimentally studied. The influence of electron correlations is found to be displayed in the dimensionless photon momentum-transfer factor F, which takes a value of 8/5 for the 1PSI of the 1s state of hydrogen. For the ground state of helium, we find that F first decreases and then increases wi
Dissociation upon sulfur K-shell excitation or ionization of SF6 is studied by sulfur L-shell emission spectroscopy using synchrotron radiation and multiconfiguration Dirac-Hartree-Fock calculations of emission energies and transition rates. The decay path involves in particular Auger emission with the ejection of one or more electrons, leading to singly or multiply charged intermediate states. Ne
OBJECTIVE: Chronic primary prostate pain syndrome (PPPS), usually referred to as chronic prostatitis with chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS), affects approximately 10% of all men. The National Institute of Health-Chronic Prostatitis Symptom Index (NIH-CPSI) was developed for clinical assessment and research evaluation of this patient category. The objective of this study was to translate the N
INTRODUCTION: An increasing number of sub-Saharan African countries are implementing national health insurance schemes (NHISs) to support the aspiration of universal health coverage (UHC). A growing body of literature recognises the private sector role in improving NHIS equity in service access, public provider complementarity and overall member satisfaction. Zambia has implemented the NHIS since
Predicting the evolution of complex systems governed by partial differential equations remains challenging, especially for nonlinear, chaotic behaviors. This study introduces Koopman-inspired Fourier neural operators and convolutional neural networks to learn solution advancement operators for flame front instabilities. By transforming data into a high-dimensional latent space, these models achiev
Given the important role of the land surface for climate, this study aims at (1) to evaluate the quality of the simulation of surface climate by the land-surface component of the EC-Earth3 ESM and (2) to assess the role of the coupling of the land surface with the atmosphere for the simulation of the surface climate in EC-Earth3. It is based on three simulations with different configurations of th
Background: Small airway dysfunction (SAD) is associated with impaired asthma control, but small airway physiology is not routinely assessed in clinical practice. Previously, we demonstrated impulse oscillometry (IOS)-defined small airway dysfunction (SAD) in dual responders (DRs) upon bronchoprovocation with various allergens. Aim: To compare lung physiology using spirometry and IOS following bro
The world of games is no longer a males-only field of cultural leisure and labor practices. Many women and girls, and other marginalized groups, have taken console controls to heart and hands, embraced a variety of computer games and player modes, design games and participate in e-sports. The industry and academy and governmental policies have attempted to help balance the gender equality of the f
Drought is a significant natural hazard that severely challenges water resource management and agricultural sustainability. This study aims to propose a novel approach for predicting streamflow drought indices (SDI-3, SDI-6, and SDI-12) in humid continental (Stockholm) and semi-arid (ELdiem) climates at different time-steps. The approach utilizes a Quantile Regression Neural Network (QRNN) coupled
Occupancy is one of the primary contributors to the energy performance gap, defined as the difference between actual and predicted energy usage, in buildings. This paper limits its scope to residential buildings, where occupant-centric consumption often goes unaccounted for in standard energy metrics. This paper starts from the hypothesis that a simple occupant energy efficiency label is needed to
