Filetype
BACKGROUND: Congenital Cytomegalovirus (cCMV) is the most common prenatal infection and the main infectious cause of neurodevelopmental abnormalities in developed countries. Long-term neuropsychological outcome of cCMV infection is yet not well understood, and follow-up studies on adults screened for CMV at birth are few. The aim of this study was to investigate self-reported executive functioning
The first years of life are a critical period of development, and circumstances during this period can affect individuals throughout life. But to what extent do disadvantaged circumstances in childhood affect individual wellbeing in later life and for whom? Can interventions in childhood break adversity over the life course? For whom are interventions most effective and why?This thesis aims to invThe first years of life are a critical period of development, and circumstances during this period can affect individuals throughout life. But to what extent do disadvantaged circumstances in childhood affect individual wellbeing in later life and for whom? Can interventions in childhood break adversity over the life course? For whom are interventions most effective and why? This thesis aims to in
Poly-N-isopropylacrylamide (PNIPAM) microgels are versatile colloidal-scale polymer networks that exhibit unique responsiveness to external stimuli, such as temperature. While the synthesis of PNIPAM microgels is well-documented, there is limited exploration of how their structural properties can be modified by subtle changes in the polymerization process. In this work, we carefully investigate ho
Introduction: Amphetamine use is an increasing problem, and studies suggest a connection between amphetamine use and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular pathology. However, few long-term studies examine amphetamine users' risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular pathology, in comparison to users of other drugs. In addition, in a criminal justice system, illicit drug use and psychiatric comorbidit
The discussion of the growth consequences of socialism has fulminated for a century, sparked off by the Calculation Debate in the 1920s and 30s, and has concerned the performance of the Soviet Union in the 1950s and the mixed development in the 1990s after communism collapsed in Central and Eastern Europe. We aim to inform these debates by providing an empirical assessment of how socialist economi
This doctoral thesis in artistic research explores new methods to perform score-based Western art music, based on a transgeneric interpretation by the performer of the score. The project, Plastic Extension of Music, is a response to the need for extending the artistic significance of the performer of score-based music, based on a creative criticism of a tradition that imposes a perpetual and cano
The European Union member states received about 385,000 asylum applications from children and adolescents below 18 years in 2015, and 398,000 in 2016. The latest political crises and war have led to an upsurge in refugee movements into European countries, giving rise to a re-evaluation of the epidemiology of psychiatric disorders and mental health problems among young refugees and asylum seekers.
Introduction: The pulmonary oxygen uptake is reduced during apnea, compared to eupneic baseline, preserving the pulmonary oxygen store. This study elucidates the time course for this reduction, comparing it to the time course for apnea-induced cardiovascular responses. Methods and results: Experiments involved two groups, performing apneas during rest, both without and with cold-water face immersi
BACKGROUND: Melanoma is a highly heterogeneous disease, and a deeper molecular classification is essential for improving patient stratification and treatment approaches. Here, we describe the histopathology-driven proteogenomic landscape of 142 treatment-naïve metastatic melanoma samples to uncover molecular subtypes and clinically relevant biomarkers.METHODS: We performed an integrative proteogen
In situ X-ray reciprocal space mapping was performed during the interval heating and cooling of InGaN/GaN quantum wells (QWs) grown via metal–organic vapor phase epitaxy (MOVPE). Our detailed in situ X-ray analysis enabled us to track changes in the peak intensities and radial and angular broadenings of the reflection. By simulating the radial diffraction profiles recorded during the thermal cycle
To avoid over-treatment of prostate cancer patients following screening for elevated prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels, keeping patients on active surveillance has been suggested as an alternative to radical treatment. This means reoccurring visits for patients with low-grade cancer to monitor progression. The Prostate Cancer Research International Active Surveillance (PRIAS) study was initia
This article is a Bioarchaeology of Care and Disability focused analysis of an individual who suffered a severe fracture of the left knee in Late Medieval Lund, Scania (1300–1536 CE). We question the degree to which written sources from the period represent the reality of the disability experience, and to that end how identities intersect in the Medieval urban landscape. Following an index of care
SARS-CoV-2 can cause clinical and inapparent disease and mortality in several animals cohabitating with humans, and sheep are susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 due to virus–receptor interactions similar to those in humans. Hence, sheep have the potential to be infected, spread, and develop neutralising antibodies (NAbs) against SARS-CoV-2. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of SARS-Co
The impact of islet neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) on glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) is less understood. We investigated this issue by performing simultaneous measurements of the activity of nNOS versus inducible NOS (iNOS) in GSIS using isolated murine islets. Additionally, the significance of extracellular NO on GSIS was studied. Islets incubated at basal glucose showed modes
Particulate methane monooxygenase (pMMO) is the most efficient of the two groups of enzymes that can hydroxylate methane. The enzyme is membrane bound and therefore hard to study experimentally. For that reason, there is still no consensus regarding the location and nature of the active site. We have used combined quantum mechanical and molecular mechanical (QM/MM) methods to study the reactivity
Ocean evaporation, represented by latent heat flux (LE), plays a crucial role in global precipitation patterns, water cycle dynamics, and energy exchange processes. However, existing bulk methods for quantifying ocean evaporation are associated with considerable uncertainties. The maximum entropy production (MEP) theory provides a novel framework for estimating surface heat fluxes, but its applica
