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The open, steppe-like alvar grasslands on Oland contain many plant species which are on the margins of their geographic ranges or which have disjunct distributions. This study provides an overview of the vegetation characteristics of these grasslands, establishing a community-compositional framework for studies on evolutionary ecology and population biology of the phytogeographically distinctive s

Synthesis methods of highly functional core@shell nanoparticles with high throughput and high purity are in great demand for applications, including catalysis and optoelectronics. Traditionally chemical synthesis has been widely explored, but recently, gas-phase methods have attracted attention since such methods can provide a more flexible choice of materials and altogether avoid solvents. Here,

Silene diclinis is a rare Spanish relative of the well-studied dioecious S. dioica and S. latifolia (=S. alba, S. pratensis). The main wild population and its cultivated derivatives showed female biased sex ratios. The ratios did not differ significantly between subpopulations or between the wild and cultivated samples, but they did deviate significantly from the expectation of a 1:1 male to femal

Silene section Elisanthe is a well‐defined group containing (in Europe) the following species: S. alba, S. diclinis, S. dioica, S. heuffelii and S. marizii (dioecious perennials or biennials) and S. noctifloara (a self‐compatible hermaphrodite annual). Crosses were attempted among these species, and between these species and members of other Silene sections. Crosses among the first five species re

Silene diclinis (Lag.) M. Laínz is a dioecious endemic with a highly restricted distribution in south-eastern Spain. The sparse literature on the plant is summarised before referring to the results of a study of S. diclinis in the wild. A new description of the species is presented and its taxonomic affinities discussed. Details of the flowering time of S. diclinis, possible pollinators and its po

Domesticated plant taxa cannot be regarded as evolutionarily discrete from their wild relatives. Most domesticated plant taxa mate with wild relatives somewhere in the world, and gene flow from crop taxa may have a substantial impact on the evolution of wild populations. In a literature review of the world's 13 most important food crops, we show that 12 of these crops hybridize with wild relatives

Ett lokalt drama och en tragedi som genast fortplantades, och blev en konfliktfylld nationell vridningspunkt i en händelsekedja som skulle förändra villkoren på svensk arbetsmarknad och kasta om dittillsvarande politiska mönster och lojaliteter i svensk inrikespolitik. Händelsen gav eko, levde vidare, också utanför landets gränser, och ställde viktiga frågor: om maktens anspråk och gränser för att

Mot slutet av 1800-talet växte en ny stark rörelse fram i världen - arbtare förenade sig och blev en politisk kraft.

A large amount of information on health-related issues is today distributed via the internet, including in user-directed forums. People seeking to inform themselves can thereby access contradictory information, stemming from health care institutions as well as other actors. Such information can concern claimed adverse effects of established medical interventions. An example is alternative knowledg

The EU's Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) has had limited success in mitigating agriculture's environmental degradation. In this paper we simulate the impacts of the 2013 “greening” reform on biodiversity and ecosystem services in environmentally contrasting landscapes. We do this by integrating an agent-based model of structural change with spatial ecological production functions, and show that t

The decoupling of direct payments from production represents a substantial reform of the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP). Farmers are no longer required to produce commodities to be entitled to support but only to keep land in Good Environmental and Agricultural Condition. If output declines as a result, there is concern that landscape services produced jointly with commodities will also decline.

We aim to show how some of the important interdisciplinary fixes or solutions to diverse problems observed in fisheries can complement each other. This can be achieved through methodical allocation of the rights pertaining to fisheries and simultaneous implementation of policy instruments to correct for market failures and equity concerns. We emphasize via a roadmap that there are some general pri

Arable nitrogen emissions contribute to serious water-quality problems around the globe. To reduce pollution of the Baltic Sea, Sweden has implemented a comprehensive scheme of nitrogen abatement instruments; a uniform nitrogen fertilizer tax, green payments (subsidies), and land-use regulations. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relative cost-efficiency of the scheme and to analyze th

We develop an optimal control model for cost-effective management of pollution, including two state variables, pollution stock and ecosystem quality. We apply it to Baltic Sea pollution by nitrogen leachates from agriculture. We present a sophisticated, non-linear model of leaching abatement costs, and a simple model of nitrogen stocks. We find that significant abatement is achievable at reasonabl

A well-functioning arterial system for the transport of oxygen to the cells is essential for human health. The aorta has a key role for the provision of this physiological effect. Disturbances to aortic function can lead to majorsymptoms and even death due to ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). Multiple diseases may exacerbate, or alleviate the symptoms of aortic conditions.This thesis exami

Vad är ett landskapsperspektiv? Jordbrukslandskap är multifunktionella – det vill säga att de bidrar direkt och indirekt med många olika värden. De är helt avgörande för produktionen av livsmedel och för lantbrukarens inkomster, men genererar också andra värden som inte alltid är lika synliga.