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The short-term evolutionary effect of pheromone-based mating disruption on the mating ability of the Indian meal moth, Plodia interpunctella, was investigated. Three independent selection lines were established, and the mating ability of moths in plastic tents treated with high doses of pheromone and in control tents was compared for two consecutive generations. In addition, the heritability of th

O-Acetyl-galactoglucomannan (AcGGM) is the major soft-wood hemicellulose. Structurally modified AcGGM and hydrogels of AcGGM were prepared. The degree of substitution (DS) of AcGGM was modified enzymatically with alpha-galactosidase, and chemically with an acrylate derivative, 2-hydroxyethylmethacrylate (HEMA). The hydrolysis of AcGGM with beta-mannanase was shown to increase with decreasing DS. A

Cytogenetic investigation of short-term cultures from a bizarre leiomyoma of the uterus, a tumor type not hitherto karyotypically characterized, revealed two abnormal clones with multiple complex rearrangements. Three-fourths of the aberrant cells were hypodiploid with the composite karyotype 38-44, XX,-6,-7,-10,-11,+20,-22, r(1), der(2) (:2p23cen2q13::1q211qter), der(2)t(2;9)(p21;q13), t(5;?)(q35

The effects of atmospheric processing on soot particle morphology were studied in the laboratory using the Differential Mobility Analyzer-Aerosol Particle Mass Analyzer (DMA-APM) and the DMA-DMA (Tandem DMA) techniques. To simulate atmospheric processing, combustion soot agglomerates were altered by sulphuric acid vapor condensation, relative humidity (RH) cycling, and evaporation of the sulphuric

BACKGROUND. The aim was to study the clinicopathological characteristics, treatment, and outcome of liposarcoma in an unselected, population-based patient sample, and to establish whether treatment was according to the Scandinavian Sarcoma Group (SSG) treatment guidelines. METHODS. The SSG Pathology Board reviewed 319 liposarcoma cases reported between 1986 and 1998. After the review, 237 patients

PURPOSE: Hypoxia is considered to be a major driving force behind tumor angiogenesis. The stabilization and activation at hypoxia of the hypoxia-inducible factors HIF-1alpha and HIF-2alpha and the concomitant induction of expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and other proangiogenic factors provide a molecular frame for hypoxia-driven tumor angiogenesis. This study has investigat

Economic optimization of the production of ethanol by simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) requires knowledge about the influence of substrate and enzyme concentration on yield and productivity. Although SSF has been investigated extensively, the optimal conditions for SSF of softwoods have yet not been determined. In this study, SO2-impregnated and steam-pretreated spruce was used

This article presents a systematic and extensive empirical study on the presence of Markov switching dynamics in three dollar-based exchange rates. A Monte Carlo approach is adopted to circumvent the statistical inference problem inherent to the test of regime-switching behavior. Two data frequencies, two sample periods, and various specifications are considered. Quarterly data yield inconclusive

Membrane distillation is a process in which, for example, water in a heated salt solution, evaporates through a porous membrane. The vapour condenses on a coolant surface on the other side of the membrane. The two liquid streams, the salt solution and the condensate, are separated by a highly porous hydrophobic membrane. Surface tension forces withhold liquids from the pores and prevent contact be

Female reproductive success in the unisexual perennial clonal moss Hylocomium splendens was examined by recording, if the segment was reproductive [produced sporophyte(s)] or not, together with several distance-to-male and male density variables, and segment size. This was done for every female segment in a population over a 5 year study period. A high fraction of the population could be sexed bec

High-resolution nuclear magnetic resonance spectra from samples located in inhomogeneous static and radio frequency magnetic fields can be obtained by applying a train of z-rotation radio frequency pulses to repeatedly refocus the inhomogeneous broadening during signal detection. z-rotation pulses based on an adiabatic double passage are effective over wide bandwidths using a limited amount of rad

To analyze complex and noncomplex cardiac malformations regarding prevalence and in relation to demographic variables, we pooled data on infants (age I year or younger) with congenital cardiovascular defects from three large birth defect registries in California, Sweden, and France. Altogether. 12.932 infants had one or more congenital heart defects out of 4.4 million live births and stillbirths.

OBJECTIVE: It has been estimated that alcohol drinking increases the risk of breast cancer in women by approximately 7% for each increment of 10 g alcohol per day. However, the few studies conducted on breast cancer among men have failed to detect an association with quantitative measures of alcohol drinking, even if the alcohol intake is generally higher in men than in women. On the other hand, i

We present here a genome-wide map of abnormalities found in diagnostic samples from 45 adults and adolescents with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). A 500K SNP array analysis uncovered frequent genetic abnormalities, with cryptic deletions constituting half of the detected changes, implying that microdeletions are a characteristic feature of this malignancy. Importantly, the pattern of deletions

Background Cultural competency can be understood as those learned skills which help us understand cultural differences and ease communication between people who have different ways of understanding health, sickness and the body. Recently, medical schools have begun to recognise a need for cultural competency training. However, few reports have been published that articulate and evaluate cultural c

Background: We evaluated the association of total and free forms of serum human kallikrein 2 (hK2) and prostate-specific antigen (PSA) with prostate cancers of unfavorable prognosis. Methods: We retrospectively measured total PSA (tPSA), free PSA (fPSA), and total hK2 (thK2) in preoperative serum samples from 867 men [and assessed free hK2 (fhK2) measured in 577 of these men] treated with radical