Thymidine kinase (TK) is the key enzyme in salvaging thymidine to produce thymidine monophosphate. Owing to its ability to phosphorylate nucleoside analogue prodrugs, TK has gained attention as a rate-limiting drug activator. We describe the structures of two bacterial TKs, one from the pathogen Bacillus anthracis in complex with the substrate dT, and the second from the food-poison-associated Bac

Planar gamma-scintigraphy is often used to quantify pulmonary deposition patterns from aerosol inhalers. The results are quite different from those obtained using 3-dimensional PET and SPECT. The purpose of this study was to characterize the effects of scatter and tissue attenuation on the distribution of radiolabeled aerosol as measured by planar scintigraphy using Monte Carlo simulations. This s

A series of Ti-doped diopside samples synthesized by fluxgrowth methods under reducing conditions were investigated by microanalytical methods and optical absorption spectroscopy, to assess Ti incorporation mechanisms, valence states, and related electronic transitions. Chemical characterization show that Ti occurs both in the tri-and tetravalent states, with Ti4+ preferentially ordered to the tet

The association between humoral immunity to unique and conserved epitopes of the Chlamydia trachomatis 60-kDa heat-shock protein (hsp60) and immunity to human hsp60 was examined in 129 women with laparoscopically verified pelvic inflammatory disease. An ELISA was used to detect antichlamydial IgG and IgA antibodies, IgG antibodies to recombinant human hsp60, and antibodies to two synthetic peptide

A theorem on duality between cost functions and density functions in optimal control is derived using the Hahn-Banach theorem. The result puts focus on convexity aspects in control synthesis and the theory of almost global stability. In particular, it gives a new proof that existence of a density function is both necessary and sufficient for almost global stability in a nonlinear system.

Until recently there was no information available on the prevalence of atopic dermatitis in Greenland. Our objective was to determine the prevalence of atopic dermatitis in younger schoolchildren in Greenland. In the autumn of 2000 we used our previously elaborated questionnaire in a cross-sectional study of 954 schoolchildren aged 7 - 8 years, who lived in five Greenlandic towns. The findings wer

There are those who advocate nonoperative treatment of impacted femoral neck fractures, but in general there is consensus that surgery is the treatment of choice for both trochanteric hip fracture and femoral neck fracture. As for trochanteric fractures, modern results after internal fixation are characterized by only a low percentage of secondary operations, even for unstable fractures and when f

The overall aim of this thesis was to describe changes in the prevalence and severity of periodontal diseases and to identify risk factors for severe periodontal disease in adults living in Jönköping County, Sweden, by analysing the cross-sectional, epidemiological studies that had been carried out in the city of Jönköping in 1973, 1983, and 1993. Individuals were randomly selected from the follow

We examined herbivore-induced responses of alfalfa (Medicago sativa) and cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) under different CO2 conditions. Plants were grown under ambient (350 ppm) or elevated (700 ppm) CO2 levels, and were either damaged or undamaged by Spodoptera littoralis larvae. At harvest, growth of undamaged (control) plants was determined, and foliar chemical composition of both undamaged and da

The eating quality of M. longissimus dorsi (LD) from RN- homozygotes, RN- heterozygotes and RN- non-carriers was investigated in a Swedish Hampshire x Finnish Landrace pig population. The recently identified new allele (V1991, here denoted rn*) at the RN locus was also detected among the pigs selected and included in the sensory evaluation. The number of animals varied from 10 to 15 in the five ge

Rapporten innehåller en beskrivning av material, undersökningsmetoder, resultat och kommentarer från laboratorieundersökningar. För att erhålla olika typer av luftporsystem användes luftporbildande medel av olika typ och i olika mängder.

This work is the result of a course project in Embedded Systems. The goal was to implement a whee-slip control system on a LEGO car using a microcontroller. The car allows front-wheel or back-wheel driven configuration. Experimental results are presented for dry and wet surfaces.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: To determine how a recently proposed clinical stroke subclassification corresponds to specific findings on computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain. METHODS: Two hundred twenty-eight patients with first-ever stroke were divided into four clinical subgroups: (1) total anterior circulation syndrome: both cortical and subcortical symptoms from

We use a variational approach to find the best constants for certain Gagliardo-Nirenberg inequalities on the real line. To show the existence of a minimizer, we use the method of concentration-compactness.

Background:Whey proteins have insulinotropic effects and reduce the postprandial glycemia in healthy subjects. The mechanism is not known, but insulinogenic amino acids and the incretin hormones seem to be involved. Objective:The aim was to evaluate whether supplementation of meals with a high glycemic index (GI) with whey proteins may increase insulin secretion and improve blood glucose control

Background and Purpose-Patients treated with oral anticoagulants (ACs) have an increased risk of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), which is more often fatal than spontaneous ICH. Options to reverse the AC effect include intravenous administration of vitamin K, plasma, and coagulation factor concentrate. However, the optimal management of AC-related ICH has not been determined in any randomized trial

The rapid advance in our understanding of cancer biology during the past decade, as exemplified by the discovery of oncogenes and tumour suppressor genes and their interactions in tumourigenesis, has revolutionized cancer research. This rapid progress has largely been due to the use of molecular genetics techniques. However, despite the wealth of available information as to the genetic basis of ca

The bioelectrocatalytic function of two plant peroxidases, horseradish peroxidase (HRP) and a newly purified royal palm tree-leaf peroxidase (RPTP), was studied on graphite electrodes in aqueous buffer solutions, over the pH range 7.0 - 3.0, and in aqueous buffer solutions, at pH 6.0, containing different amounts of a polar organic cosolvent, i.e., ethanol and acetonitrile. The kinetics of direct