PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Withdrawal of life-sustaining therapy due to a presumed poor neurological prognosis precedes most deaths in patients who have been resuscitated after an out-of-hospital cardiac arrest and are being treated in an ICU. Guidelines to support these critical decisions recommend a multimodal strategy based on advanced diagnostic methods. This review will discuss clinical experience wi

Background: Breakthroughs in the treatment of preterm birth approximately 40 years ago have enabled a generation of preterm survivors to now reach mid-adulthood. Understanding their health sequelae is essential for guiding their long-term care. We did a study to examine preterm birth in relation to mortality into mid-adulthood. Methods: A national cohort study was done of all 4 296 814 singleton l

We report magnetic properties and relative paleointensity (RPI) proxies from a suite of 10 conventional piston cores and Kasten cores from the SW Iberian Margin collected during cruise JC089 of the RSS James Cook in August 2013. Mean sedimentation rates are in the 10–20 cm/kyr range. Age models were acquired by correlation of Ca/Ti and Zr/Sr XRF core-scanning data to L* reflectance from the Cariac

This thesis is based on work done by the author on the development of laser wakefield accelerators.Wakefield acceleration in plasmas is a promising technique to provide the next generation of accelerating structures and particle beams. Plasmas can sustain electric fields that are many orders of magnitude stronger than those possible in conventional accelerators. Other benefits of wakefield acceler

Abstract Due to a lack of marine macrofossils in many sediment cores from the estuarine Baltic Sea, researchers are often forced to carry out 14C determinations on bulk sediment samples. However, ambiguity surrounding the carbon source pathways that contribute to bulk sediment formation introduces a large uncertainty into 14C geochronologies based on such samples, and such uncertainty may not have

There is a variety of different cosmogenicradionuclide-based reconstructions of solar activity varia-tions for the past. Especially the longer-term changes andthe absolute levels of past solar activity are uncertain as it isillustrated by the differences between these reconstructions.On the one hand there are differences between10Be and14Crecords that are commonly used as proxies for the varying s

Extended blood group genotyping is an invaluable tool used for prevention of alloimmunization. Genotyping is particularly suitable when antigens are weak, specific antisera are unavailable, or accurate phenotyping is problematic because of a disease state or recent transfusions. In addition, genotyping facilitates establishment of mass-scale patient-matched donor databases. However, standardizatio

Bokkapitel som behandlar flerspråkig utveckling, myter missförstånd, olika typer av flerspråkighet samt utveckling av de olika språkliga domänerna utifrån en flerspråkig kontext.

This study was undertaken to investigate the impact of culture pH (4.5–6.5) and temperature (32–37 °C) on the stress resilience of Lactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938 during freeze-drying and post freeze-drying exposure to low pH (pH 2)and bile salts. Response-surface methodology analysis revealed that freeze-drying survival rates Ncells after drying/Ncells before drying*100 were linearly related to p

Background: Unwarranted administration of antibiotics in acute pancreatitis presents a global challenge. The clinical reasoning behind the misuse is poorly understood. Our aim was to investigate current clinical practices and develop recommendations that guide clinicians in prescribing antibiotic treatment in acute pancreatitis. Methods: Four methods were used. 1) Systematic data collection was pe

Drying has been used for thousands of years to preserve foods. One of the first methods used was open air sun drying which exposes foods directly to solar radiation and ambient air. This method is still used today around the world but it remains underdeveloped on a small-scale for two main reasons. The first is that it can be unhygienic since the food is easily contaminated by pests, dust or micro

Bilingual children are at a disadvantage when compared to monolingual norms in language assessment. Monolingual assessment fails to acknowledge the asymmetrically distributed linguistic competence of bilingual children, for example, different levels of mastery of family and school related concepts in the first and second languages, respectively. Consequently, monolingual assessment results in an o