Fasting insulin, calcium metabolism and the electrocardiogram in hypertensive subjects
Changes in both calcium and insulin metabolism have been described in essential hypertension. Low levels of plasma ionized calcium (Ca2+) and high levels of insulin have previously been associated with vascular complications and coronary heart disease. In the present study, indices of calcium metabolism and fasting serum insulin were related to electrocardiographic (ECG) variables in 58 patients w