Popular Abstract in Swedish Studierna som presenteras i min avhandling visar att granmonokultur inte är uthålligt skogsbruk i en miljö med högt nedfall av kväve och svavel, som i södra Sverige. Markens näringskapital minskar p g a onaturligt hög tillväxt, orsakad av den höga kvävetillgången, och utlakning p g a markförsurning. När den begränsade tillgången på näring inte motsvarar trädens näringsbThe studies presented in my thesis indicate that growing Norway spruce in monoculture does not constitute sustainable forest management in a high N and S deposition environment, such as in southern Sweden. The combination of N-induced high growth rates and leaching due to soil acidification causes soil reserves of nutrients to decrease. This will increase the risk of nutrient imbalance within the

The presence of activated protein C resistance, plasma hyperhomocysteinemia and the MTHFR C677T mutation in patients with central retinal vein occlusion were investigated and compared to a control group. Activated protein C resistance was overrepresented in the group of patients less than 50 years of age whereas this was not the case in patients more than 50 years of age. Neither hyperhomocysteine

The BCJR algorithm is an important method of channel decoding. We extend it here to rate-distortion encoding. The arguments begin from source coding principles and make no use of channel coding or soft output ideas. An important role is played by codeword ensembles with equiprobable reproducer letters. The BCJR method is demonstrated by tests of a tailbiting BCJR with the Gaussian source. The outc

Abstract in Undetermined A systematic design approach for All Digital Phase Locked Loops (ADPLL) is presented. The whole system excluding Digitally Controlled Oscillator (DCO) and the Time to Digital Converter (TDC) can be synthesized easily in digital design flow. By using standard digital cells, no custom digital cells are needed. All the key problems in synthesis are solved well. The ADPLL is i

We perform a slight generalization of the Bjerksund and Stensland (2011) spread option valuation formula to cover three-asset spread options. We investigate the pricing performance of the model against the corresponding version of the Kirk formula and the true price calculated with Monte Carlo methods. The numerical setting of the evaluation is designed to mimic a real market situation in the Germ

Risk management is an important process and risk identification is an important part of this process, especially in development of medical software. This paper presents an experiment where physicians, developers and software developers for medical devices are asked to identify risk in a given scenario describing the procurement of a patient monitoring system. It is concluded that multiple roles an

The multidrug regimen, cyclosporine, corticosteroids, and azathioprine, is used in transplantation centres to prevent organ rejection. Several clinical studies have shown that cyclosporine and corticosteroids to cause increases in low density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol, with subsequent development of atherosclerosis. The overall objective of the studies upon which this thesis is based was to in