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Study region: Sebeya catchment in northwestern Rwanda. Study focus: The Sebeya catchment is highly vulnerable to flooding due to steep terrain, intense rainfall, and the expansion of human settlements. The aim was to develop a hydraulic model for flood-hazard and flood exposure mapping. The HEC-RAS model was developed for the most exposed stretch of the river, using data on water levels, flows, an
There is incomplete mechanistic understanding of the mobilization of neutrophils in the systemic and local compartment in smokers with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). In this pilot study, we characterized how the adhesion molecules CD11b and CD62L, surface markers indicative of priming, are altered as neutrophils extravasate, and whether surface density of CD11b and CD62L differs bet
Ammonia (NH3) is a promising carbon-free fuel, and hydrogen (H2) enrichment is frequently employed to enhance its low reactivity. This study investigates the laminar burning velocity (SL), a fundamental combustion property, of NH3 + H2 flames under ultra-lean and ultra-rich conditions via oxygen (O2) enrichment strategy at 1 atm and 298 K. Experimental measurements and simulations using five kinet
Orchestrating oxygen-vacancy/plasmon synergy within a monolithic Ag@SrTiO3 heterostructure yields a self-regenerating SERS metasurface for high-fidelity molecular fingerprinting. Through an in situ reduction strategy, Ag nanoparticles are intimately and conformally anchored across the entire SrTiO3 nanocube surface, achieving maximal surface utilization and seamless electronic coupling at the hete
There is little information on mucins versus potential regulatory factors in the peripheral airway lumen of long-term smokers with (LTS+) and without (LTS-) chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). We explored these matters in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) samples from two study materials, both including LTS+ and LTS- with a very similar historic exposure to tobacco smoke, and healthy non-smok
The β4-N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase 3 (B4GALNT3) transfers GalNAc in a β1,4-linkage to GlcNAc forming the LacdiNAc (LDN) determinant on oligosaccharides. The LacdiNAc-binding adhesin (LabA) has been suggested to mediate attachment of Helicobacter pylori to the gastric mucosa via binding to the LDN determinant. The O-glycan core chain specificity of B4GALNT3 is poorly defined. We investigated
Helicobacter suis is the most prevalent non-Helicobacter pylori Helicobacter species in the human stomach and is associated with chronic gastritis, peptic ulcer disease, and gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma. H. suis colonizes the gastric mucosa of 60-95% of pigs at slaughter age, and is associated with chronic gastritis, decreased weight gain, and ulcers. Here, we show tha
Helicobacter pylori infection can result in non-ulcer dyspepsia (NUD), peptic ulcer disease (PUD), adenocarcinoma, and gastric lymphoma. H. pylori reside within the gastric mucus layer, mainly composed of mucins carrying an array of glycan structures that can serve as bacterial adhesion epitopes. The aim of the present study was to characterize the binding ability, adhesion modes, and growth of H.
We present particle tracking microrheology results on human mucins, isolated from normal surface and gland mucosa and one tumor sample, and examine the motility of Helicobacter pylori in these mucins. At 1.5% concentration human mucin solutions are purely viscous, with viscosity η (gland mucin) > η (surface mucin) > η (tumor mucin). In the presence of motile H. pylori bacteria, particle diffusion
Gastrointestinal infections cause significant challenges and economic losses in animal husbandry. As pathogens becoming resistant to antibiotics are a growing concern worldwide, alternative strategies to treat infections in farmed animals are necessary in order to decrease the risk to human health and increase animal health and productivity. Mucosal surfaces are the most common route used by patho
Helicobacter suis colonizes the stomach of most pigs and is the most prevalent non-Helicobacter pylori Helicobacter species found in the human stomach. In the human host, H. suis contributes to the development of chronic gastritis, peptic ulcer disease and MALT lymphoma, whereas in pigs it is associated with gastritis, decreased growth and ulcers. Here, we demonstrate that the level of H. pylori a
The mucin O-glycosylation of 10 individuals with and without gastric disease was examined in depth in order to generate a structural map of human gastric glycosylation. In the stomach, these mucins and their O-glycosylation protect the epithelial surface from the acidic gastric juice and provide the first point of interaction for pathogens such as Helicobacter pylori, reported to cause gastritis,
Mucins in the gastric mucus layer carry a range of glycan structures, which vary between individuals, can have antimicrobial effect or act as ligands for Helicobacter pylori. Mucins from various individuals and disease states modulate H. pylori proliferation and adhesin gene expression differently. Here we investigate the relationship between adhesin mediated binding, aggregation, proliferation an
BACKGROUND: Helicobacter heilmannii is a zoonotic bacterium associated with gastric disease in humans. We recently showed that H. heilmannii binds to human gastric mucins and epithelial cells and highlighted a potential role for the murine Muc13 mucin in gastric Helicobacter colonization. The aims of this study were to investigate the role of the H. heilmannii hof gene locus encoding HofH/F/E/G/C/
Helicobacter heilmannii naturally colonizes the stomachs of dogs and cats and has been associated with gastric disorders in humans. Nine feline Helicobacter strains, classified as H. heilmannii based on ureAB and 16S rRNA gene sequences, were divided into a highly virulent and a low-virulence group. The genomes of these strains were sequenced to investigate their phylogenetic relationships, to def
Ambulatory electrocardiogram (ECG) monitoring frequently identifies incidental arrhythmias, but their prevalence in community-based atrial fibrillation (AF) screening remains uncertain. For this systematic review, we searched PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, and CINAHL through January 2025 for studies on ECG abnormalities in community-based screening. Eligible studies included randomized trials or observ
Imaging techniques have a long history in archeology, from the ruins depicted during the Grand Tour to today's large-scale photogrammetric surveys. Orthophotos generated with photogrammetry are currently extensively used in archeology: a key challenge in this new documentation paradigm lies in the semantic segmentation of such pixel matrices, a process increasingly aided by Machine Learning. This
This paper presents the integrated study of the funerary ara of Ofilius Ianuarius, discovered within the burial complex of Via Appia Antica 39, and explores its digital stratigraphic recontextualisation through two 3D semantic workflows. The research aims to evaluate the potential of stratigraphic 3D modelling as a tool for post-excavation analysis and transparent archaeological interpretation. St
The present research seeks to give a general overview about the wooden tablets found in Vindolanda. Firstly, the research will focus on the tablet as an “indirect” source of data: any kind of information (not directly related to the text content) which could be revealed by, for instance, the language or type of writing. Secondly, different types of texts will be analysed and compared (if possible,
Recent advances in generative Artificial Intelligence (AI) have rapidly transformed research and practice across the Cultural Heritage domain. While several studies have investigated AI applications in documentation, analysis and dissemination, a focused and critical assessment of generative AI within 3D virtual reconstruction workflows is still lacking. This paper presents a systematic review of
